Home > Medical Reference > Complementary Medicine

Acyclovir


Pronunciation

 (ay SYE kloe veer)


U.S. Brand Names

 Zovirax®


Synonyms

 Aciclovir; ACV; Acycloguanosine


Generic Available

 Yes: Excludes cream, ointment


Canadian Brand Names

 Alti-Acyclovir; Apo-Acyclovir®; Gen-Acyclovir; Nu-Acyclovir; ratio-Acyclovir; Zovirax®


Use

 Treatment of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV), herpes labialis (cold sores), herpes zoster (shingles), HSV encephalitis, neonatal HSV, mucocutaneous HSV, varicella-zoster (chickenpox)


Use - Dental

 Treatment of initial and prophylaxis of recurrent mucosal and cutaneous herpes simplex (HSV-1 and HSV-2) infections


Use - Unlabeled/Investigational

 Prevention of HSV reactivation in HIV positive patients; prevention of HSV reactivation in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT); prevention of CMV infection after bone marrow transplants in HSV and CMV seropositive individuals


Pregnancy Risk Factor

 B


Pregnancy Implications

 Teratogenic effects were not observed in animal studies. Acyclovir has been shown to cross the human placenta. Results from a pregnancy registry, established in 1984 and closed in 1999, did not find an increase in the number of birth defects with exposure to acyclovir when compared to those expected in the general population. However, due to the small size of the registry and lack of long-term data, the manufacturer recommends using during pregnancy with caution and only when clearly needed. Data from the pregnancy registry may be obtained from GlaxoSmithKline.


Lactation

 Enters breast milk/use with caution (AAP rates "compatible")


Contraindications

 Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir, or any component of the formulation


Warnings/Precautions

 Use with caution in immunocompromised patients; thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS) has been reported. Use caution in the elderly, pre-existing renal disease or in those receiving other nephrotoxic drugs. Maintain adequate hydration during I.V. therapy. Use I.V. preparation with caution in patients with underlying neurologic abnormalities, serious hepatic or electrolyte abnormalities, or substantial hypoxia.

Chickenpox: Treatment should begin within 24 hours of appearance of rash; oral route not recommended for routine use in otherwise healthy children with varicella, but may be effective in patients at increased risk of moderate to severe infection (>12 years of age, chronic cutaneous or pulmonary disorders, long-term salicylate therapy, corticosteroid therapy).

Genital herpes: Physical contact should be avoided when lesions are present; transmission may also occur in the absence of symptoms. Treatment should begin with the first signs or symptoms.

Herpes labialis: For external use only to the lips and face; do not apply to eye or inside the mouth or nose. Treatment should begin with the first signs or symptoms.

Herpes zoster: Acyclovir should be started within 72 hours of appearance of rash to be effective.


Adverse Reactions

Systemic: Oral:

1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Lightheadedness, headache

Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain

Systemic: Parenteral:

>10%:

Central nervous system: Lightheadedness

Gastrointestinal: Anorexia

1% to 10%:

Dermatologic: Hives, itching, rash

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting

Hepatic: Liver function tests increased

Local: Inflammation at injection site or phlebitis

Renal: Acute renal failure, BUN increased, creatinine increased

Topical:

>10%: Mild pain, burning, or stinging

1% to 10%: Itching

All forms: <1%, postmarketing, and/or case reports: Abdominal pain, aggression, agitation, alopecia, anaphylaxis, anemia, angioedema, anorexia, ataxia, coma, confusion, consciousness decreased, delirium, diarrhea, dizziness, dysarthria, encephalopathy, erythema multiforme, fatigue, fever, gastrointestinal distress, hallucinations, hematuria, hepatitis, hyperbilirubinemia, insomnia, jaundice, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, leukopenia, local tissue necrosis (following extravasation), mental depression, myalgia, paresthesia, peripheral edema, photosensitization, pruritus, psychosis, renal failure, seizure, somnolence, sore throat, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS), toxic epidermal necrolysis, tremor, urticaria, visual disturbances


Overdosage/Toxicology

 Symptoms of overdose include seizures, somnolence, confusion, elevated serum creatinine, and renal failure. In the event of overdose, sufficient urine flow must be maintained to avoid drug precipitation within renal tubules. Hemodialysis has resulted in up to 60% reduction in serum acyclovir levels.


Drug Interactions

 Increased CNS side effects with zidovudine and probenecid


Ethanol/Nutrition/Herb Interactions

 Food: Does not appear to affect absorption of acyclovir.


Stability

Capsule, tablet: Store at controlled room temperature of 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F); protect from moisture.

Cream, suspension: Store at controlled room temperature of 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).

Ointment: Store at controlled room temperature of 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F) in a dry place.

Injection: Store powder at controlled room temperature of 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). Reconstitute acyclovir 500 mg with SWFI 10 mL; do not use bacteriostatic water containing benzyl alcohol or parabens. For intravenous infusion, dilute to a final concentration of 7 mg/mL. Concentrations >10 mg/mL increase the risk of phlebitis. Reconstituted solutions remain stable for 12 hours at room temperature. Do not refrigerate reconstituted solutions as they may precipitate. Once diluted for infusion, use within 24 hours.


Compatibility

 Incompatible with blood products and protein-containing solutions

Stable in D5W, D5NS, D5 1 /4NS, D5 1 /2NS, LR, NS.

Y-site administration: Compatible: Allopurinol, amikacin, amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex, ampicillin, cefamandole, cefazolin, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, cimetidine, clindamycin, co-trimoxazole, dexamethasone, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, docetaxel, doxorubicin liposome, doxycycline, erythromycin lactobionate, etoposide, famotidine, filgrastim, fluconazole, gatifloxacin, gentamicin, granisetron, heparin, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, hydromorphone, imipenem/cilastatin, linezolid, lorazepam, magnesium sulfate, melphalan, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, metoclopramide, metronidazole, multivitamins, nafcillin, oxacillin, paclitaxel, penicillin G potassium, pentobarbital, perphenazine, piperacillin, potassium chloride, propofol, ranitidine, remifentanil, sodium bicarbonate, tacrolimus, teniposide, theophylline, thiotepa, ticarcillin, tobramycin, vancomycin, zidovudine. Incompatible: Amifostine, amsacrine, aztreonam, cefepime, dobutamine, dopamine, fludarabine, foscarnet, gemcitabine, idarubicin, levofloxacin, ondansetron, piperacillin/tazobactam, sargramostim, vinorelbine. Variable (consult detailed reference): Cisatracurium, diltiazem, meperidine, meropenem, morphine, TPN.

Compatibility when admixed: Compatible: Fluconazole. Incompatible: Dobutamine, dopamine. Variable (consult detailed reference): Meropenem.


Mechanism of Action

 Acyclovir is converted to acyclovir monophosphate by virus-specific thymidine kinase then further converted to acyclovir triphosphate by other cellular enzymes. Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase and being incorporated into viral DNA.


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Absorption: Oral: 15% to 30%

Distribution: Widely (ie, brain, kidney, lungs, liver, spleen, muscle, uterus, vagina, CSF)

Protein binding: 9% to 33%

Metabolism: Converted by viral enzymes to acyclovir monophosphate, and further converted to diphosphate then triphosphate (active form) by cellular enzymes

Bioavailability: Oral: 10% to 20% with normal renal function (bioavailability decreases with increased dose)

Half-life elimination: Terminal: Neonates: 4 hours; Children 1-12 years: 2-3 hours; Adults: 3 hours

Time to peak, serum: Oral: Within 1.5-2 hours

Excretion: Urine (62% to 90% as unchanged drug and metabolite)


Dosage

 Note: Obese patients should be dosed using ideal body weight

Genital HSV:

I.V.: Children 12 years and Adults (immunocompetent): Initial episode, severe: 5 mg/kg every 8 hours for 5-7 days

Oral:

Children:

Initial episode (unlabeled use): 40-80 mg/kg/day divided into 3-4 doses for 5-10 days (maximum: 1 g/day)

Chronic suppression (unlabeled use; limited data): 80 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses (maximum: 1 g/day), re-evaluate after 12 months of treatment

Adults:

Initial episode: 200 mg every 4 hours while awake (5 times/day) for 10 days (per manufacturer's labeling); 400 mg 3 times/day for 5-10 days has also been reported

Recurrence: 200 mg every 4 hours while awake (5 times/day) for 5 days (per manufacturer's labeling; begin at earliest signs of disease); 400 mg 3 times/day for 5 days has also been reported

Chronic suppression: 400 mg twice daily or 200 mg 3-5 times/day, for up to 12 months followed by re-evaluation (per manufacturer's labeling); 400-1200 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses has also been reported

Topical: Adults (immunocompromised): Ointment: Initial episode: 1 /2" ribbon of ointment for a 4" square surface area every 3 hours (6 times/day) for 7 days

Herpes labialis (cold sores): Topical: Children 12 years and Adults: Cream: Apply 5 times/day for 4 days

Herpes zoster (shingles):

Oral: Adults (immunocompetent): 800 mg every 4 hours (5 times/day) for 7-10 days

I.V.:

Children <12 years (immunocompromised): 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 7 days

Children 12 years and Adults (immunocompromised): 10 mg/kg/dose or 500 mg/m 2 /dose every 8 hours for 7 days

HSV encephalitis: I.V.:

Children 3 months to 12 years: 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 10 days (per manufacturer's labeling); dosing for 14-21 days also reported

Children 12 years and Adults: 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 10 days (per manufacturer's labeling); 10-15 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 14-21 days also reported

Mucocutaneous HSV:

I.V.:

Children <12 years (immunocompromised): 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 7 days

Children 12 years and Adults (immunocompromised): 5 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 7 days (per manufacturer's labeling); dosing for up to 14 days also reported

Oral: Adults (immunocompromised, unlabeled use): 400 mg 5 times a day for 7-14 days

Topical: Ointment: Adults (nonlife-threatening, immunocompromised): 1 /2" ribbon of ointment for a 4" square surface area every 3 hours (6 times/day) for 7 days

Neonatal HSV: I.V.: Neonate: Birth to 3 months: 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 10 days (manufacturer's labeling); 15 mg/kg/dose or 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 14-21 days has also been reported

Varicella-zoster (chickenpox): Begin treatment within the first 24 hours of rash onset:

Oral:

Children 2 years and 40 kg (immunocompetent): 20 mg/kg/dose (up to 800 mg/dose) 4 times/day for 5 days

Children >40 kg and Adults (immunocompetent): 800 mg/dose 4 times a day for 5 days

I.V.:

Children <1 year (immunocompromised, unlabeled use): 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 7-10 days

Children 1 year and Adults (immunocompromised, unlabeled use): 1500 mg/m 2 /day divided every 8 hours or 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for 7-10 days

Prevention of HSV reactivation in HIV-positive patients, for use only when recurrences are frequent or severe (unlabeled use): Oral:

Children: 80 mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided doses

Adults: 200 mg 3 times/day or 400 mg 2 times/day

Prevention of HSV reactivation in HSCT (unlabeled use): Note: Start at the beginning of conditioning therapy and continue until engraftment or until mucositis resolves (~30 days)

Oral: Adults: 200 mg 3 times/day

I.V.:

Children: 250 mg/m 2 /dose every 8 hours or 125 mg/m 2 /dose every 6 hours

Adults: 250 mg/m 2 /dose every 12 hours

Bone marrow transplant recipients (unlabeled use): I.V.: Children and Adults: Allogeneic patients who are HSV and CMV seropositive: 500 mg/m 2 /dose (10 mg/kg) every 8 hours; for clinically-symptomatic CMV infection, consider replacing acyclovir with ganciclovir

Dosing adjustment in renal impairment:

Oral:

Clcr 10-25 mL/minute: Normal dosing regimen 800 mg every 4 hours: Administer 800 mg every 8 hours

Clcr<10 mL/minute:

Normal dosing regimen 200 mg every 4 hours, 200 mg every 8 hours, or 400 mg every 12 hours: Administer 200 mg every 12 hours

Normal dosing regimen 800 mg every 4 hours: Administer 800 mg every 12 hours

I.V.:

Clcr 25-50 mL/minute: Administer recommended dose every 12 hours

Clcr 10-25 mL/minute: Administer recommended dose every 24 hours

Clcr<10 mL/minute: Administer 50% of recommended dose every 24 hours

Hemodialysis: Administer dose after dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis: No supplemental dose needed

CAVH: 3.5 mg/kg/day

CVVHD/CVVH: Adjust dose based upon Clcr 30 mL/minute


Administration

Oral: May be administered with or without food.

I.V.: Avoid rapid infusion; infuse over 1 hour to prevent renal damage; maintain adequate hydration of patient; check for phlebitis and rotate infusion sites

Topical: Not for use in the eye. Apply using a finger cot or rubber glove to avoid transmission to other parts of the body or to other persons.


Monitoring Parameters

 Urinalysis, BUN, serum creatinine, liver enzymes, CBC


Dietary Considerations

 May be taken with or without food. Acyclovir 500 mg injection contains sodium ~50 mg (~2 mEq).


Patient Education

 Inform prescriber of all prescriptions, OTC medications, or herbal products you are taking, and any allergies you have. Do not take any new medication during therapy (including creams, lotions, or ointments) unless approved by prescriber. This is not a cure for herpes (recurrences tend to continually reappear every 3-6 months after original infection), nor will this medication reduce the risk of transmission to others when lesions are present; avoid sexual intercourse when visible lesions are present. Take as directed for full course of therapy; do not discontinue even if feeling better. Oral doses may be taken with food. Maintain adequate hydration (2-3 L/day of fluids) unless instructed to restrict fluid intake. May cause nausea or vomiting (small, frequent meals, frequent mouth care, sucking lozenges, or chewing gum may help); lightheadedness or dizziness (use caution when driving or engaging in tasks that require alertness until response to drug is known); or headache, fever, muscle pain (consult prescriber for approved analgesic). Report any change in urination (difficulty urinating, dark colored or concentrated urine); persistent lethargy; acute headache; severe nausea or vomiting; confusion or hallucinations; rash; or respiratory difficulty.

Topical: Apply as directed. Use gloves or finger cot when applying.


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

 Key adverse event(s) related to dental treatment: Topical (Zovirax® cream): Dry/cracked lips and dry/flaky skin were reported in fewer than 1 in 100 patients in clinical studies.


Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic Precautions

 No information available to require special precautions


Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status

 May see lethargy, confusion, or agitation; rarely may see depression or insomnia


Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment

 Usually not a problem, may see additive sedation with sedating psychotropics


Oncology: Emetic Potential

 Very low (<10%)


Oncology: Vesicant

 No


Dosage Forms

Capsule: 200 mg

Cream, topical: 5% (2 g)

Injection, powder for reconstitution, as sodium: 500 mg, 1000 mg

Zovirax®: 500 mg

Injection, solution, as sodium [preservative free]: 25 mg/mL (20 mL, 40 mL); 50 mg/mL (10 mL, 20 mL)

Ointment, topical: 5% (15 g)

Suspension, oral: 200 mg/5 mL (480 mL) [banana flavor]

Tablet: 400 mg, 800 mg


References

Almond MK, Fan S, Dhillon S, et al, "Avoiding Acyclovir Neurotoxicity in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Haemodialysis," Nephron , 1995, 69(4):428-32.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases, "The Use of Oral Acyclovir in Otherwise Healthy Children With Varicella," Pediatrics , 1993, 91(3):674-6.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs, "The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals into Human Breast Milk," Pediatrics , 2001, 108:776-89.

Arndt KA, "Adverse Reactions to Acyclovir: Topical, Oral, and Intravenous," J Am Acad Dermatol , 1988, 18(1 Pt 2):188-90.

Aronoff GR, Berns JS, Brier MR, et al, "Drug Prescribing in Renal Failure," 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Americal College of Physicians; 1999.

Bohler J, Donaverl J, and Keller F, "Pharmacokinetic Principles During Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Drugs and Dosage," Kidney Int , 1999, 56(Suppl 72):29-31.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Guidelines for Preventing Opportunisitic Infections Among HIV-Infected Persons. 2002 Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America," MMWR Recomm Rep , 2002, 51(RR-8):1-46. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5108a1.htm. Accessed January 26, 2004.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Guidelines for Preventing Opportunistic Infections Among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Recommendations of CDC, the Infectious Disease Society of America, and the American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation," MMWR Recomm Rep , 2000, 49(RR-10):1-112. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4910a1.htm. Accessed January 26, 2004.

Dellamonica P, Carles M, Lokiec F, et al, "Preventing Recurrent Varicella and Herpes Zoster With Oral Acyclovir in HIV-Seropositive Patients," Clin Pharm , 1991, 10(4):301-2.

"Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections," Med Lett Drugs Ther , 2002, 44(1123):9-16.

Dunkle LM, Arvin AM, Whitley RJ, et al, "A Controlled Trial of Acyclovir for Chickenpox in Normal Children," N Engl J Med , 1991, 325(22):1539-44.

Eck P, Silver SM, and Clark EC, "Acute Renal Failure and Coma After a High Dose of Oral Acyclovir," N Engl J Med , 1991, 325(16):1178-9.

Eisen D, Essell J, Broun ER, et al, "Clinical Utility of Oral Valacyclovir Compared With Oral Acyclovir for the Prevention of Herpes Simplex Virus Mucositis Following Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation or Stem Cell Rescue Therapy," Bone Marrow Transplant , 2003, 31(1):51-5.

Englund JA, Fletcher CV, and Balfour HH Jr, "Acyclovir Therapy in Neonates," J Pediatr , 1991, 119(1 Pt 1):129-35.

Feder HM Jr, Goyal RK, and Krause PJ, "Acyclovir-Induced Neutropenia in an Infant With Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Case Report," Clin Infect Dis , 1995, 20(6):1557-9.

Golper TA and Marx MA, "Drug Dosing Adjustments During Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies," Kidney Int , 1998, 53(Suppl 66):165-8.

Huff JC, Bean B, Balfour HH Jr, et al, "Therapy of Herpes Zoster With Oral Acyclovir," Am J Med , 1988, 85(2A):84-9.

Johnson GL, Limon L, Trikha G, et al, "Acute Renal Failure and Neurotoxicity Following Oral Acyclovir," Ann Pharmacother , 1994, 28(4):460-3.

Keating MR, "Antiviral Agents," Mayo Clin Proc , 1992, 67(2):160-78.

Khajehdehi P, Jamal JA, and Bastani B, "Removal of Acyclovir During Continuous Veno-venous Hemodialysis and Hemodiafiltration With High-Efficiency membranes. Clin Nephrol. 2000 Oct; 54(4):351-5.

Leikin JB, Shicker L, Orlowski J, et al, "Hemodialysis Removal of Acyclovir," Vet Hum Toxicol , 1995, 37(3):233-4.

McDonald LK, Tartaglione TA, Mendelman PM, et al, "Lack of Toxicity in Two Cases of Neonatal Acyclovir Overdose," Pediatr Infect Dis J , 1989, 8(8):529-32.

McKendrick MW, McGill JI, White JE, et al, "Oral Acyclovir in Acute Herpes Zoster," Br Med J [Clin Res] , 1986, 293:1529-32.

Meyers JD, Reed EC, Shepp DH, et al, "Acyclovir for Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Infection and Disease After Allogenic Marrow Transplantation," N Engl J Med , 1988, 318(2):70-5.

Morton P and Thomson AN, "Oral Acyclovir in the Treatment of Herpes Zoster in General Practice," N Z Med J , 1989, 102(863):93-5.

Novelli VM, Marshall WC, Yeo J, et al, "High-Dose Oral Acyclovir for Children at Risk of Disseminated Herpes Virus Infections," J Infect Dis , 1985, 151(2):372.

Rayani SA, Nimmo CJ, Frighetto L, et al, "Implementation and Evaluation of a Standardized Herpes Simplex Virus Prophylaxis Protocol on a Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Unit," Ann Pharmacother , 1994, 28(7-8):852-6.

Wade JC, Newton B, Flournoy N, et al, "Oral Acyclovir for Prevention of Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation After Marrow Transplantation," Ann Intern Med , 1984, 100(6):823-8.

Wallace MR, Bowler WA, Murray NB, et al, "Treatment of Adult Varicella With Oral Acyclovir," Ann Intern Med , 1992, 117(5):358-63.

Whitley RJ and Gnann JW Jr, "Acyclovir: A Decade Later," N Engl J Med , 1992, 327(11):782-3.

Wood MJ, Johnson RW, McKendrick MW, et al, "A Randomized Trial of Acyclovir for 7 Days or 21 Days With and Without Prednisolone for Treatment of Acute Herpes Zoster," N Engl J Med , 1994, 330(13):896-900.


International Brand Names

 Abbovir® (PL); Acerpes® (AR, CH, DE); Acic® (DE, HR); Acic-Fieberblasencreme® (AT); Aciclin® (IT); Aciclo Ahimsa® (AR); Aciclo Basics® (DE); Aciclobene® (AT); Aciclobene Pulver® (AT); Aciclobeta® (DE); Aciclodan® (DK); Aciclomed® (BE); Aciclon® (BD); Aciclor® (CR, DO, GT, HN, PA, SV); Aciclosina® (PT); Aciclostad® (AT, DE, ES); Aciclotyrol® (AT); Aciclovir 1A Farma® (DK); Aciclovir 1A Pharma® (AT, DE); Aciclovir Abbott® (ES); Aciclovir ABC Farmaceutici® (IT); Aciclovir Agen® (ES); Aciclovir Aguettant® (FR); Aciclovir-Akri® (RU); Aciclovir AL® (DE, HU); Aciclovir Alonga® (ES); Aciclovir Alterna® (IT); Aciclovir® (AT, AU, BG, BR, CL, CZ, DO, GB, NO, NZ, PL, RO, RU); Aciclovir-Austropharm® (AT); Aciclovir Bayvit® (ES); Aciclovir Bexal® (ES); Aciclovir Biochemie® (AT); Aciclovir Centrum® (ES); Aciclovir Chemo Technic® (ES); Aciclovir Ciclum® (PT); Aciclovir Cinfa® (ES); Aciclovir Combino Pharm® (ES); Aciclovir DBL® (SG); Aciclovir Denk® (DE); Aciclovir DOC Generici® (IT); Aciclovir Dorom® (IT); Aciclovir Ebewe® (AT); Aciclovir Edigen® (ES); Aciclovir EG® (BE, IT); Aciclovir Esteve® (ES); Aciclovir Fada® (AR); Aciclovir Faulding® (DK, ES, FI, IT); Aciclovir Filaxis® (AR); Aciclovir findusFit® (DE); Aciclovir Fresenius® (DE); Aciclovir Genericon® (AT); Aciclovir Genfar® (EC); Aciclovir GNR® (IT); Aciclovir Hemopharm® (DE); Aciclovir Heumann® (DE); Aciclovir Hexal® (RU); Aciclovir Hexan® (IT); Aciclovir Irex® (PT); Aciclovir Kern® (ES); Aciclovir Klast® (DE); Aciclovir Korhispana® (ES); Aciclovir L.CH.® (CL); Aciclovir Lepori® (PT); Aciclovir Lindo® (DE); Aciclovir Lisan® (CR); Aciclovir Mabo Farma® (ES); Aciclovir Martian® (AR); Aciclovir Mayne® (FI, IT); Aciclovir Merck® (ES, IT); Aciclovir MK® (CO, CR, GT, HN, PA, SV); Aciclovir Mundogen® (ES); Aciclovir NM® (DK); Aciclovir NM Pharma® (NO, SE); Aciclovir Pasteur® (CL); Aciclovir Pharmagenus® (ES); Aciclovir Pliva® (ES, IT); Aciclovir Qualix® (ES); Aciclovir Ranbaxy® (FI, SE); Aciclovir-ratiopharm® (DE); Aciclovir ratiopharm® (IT); Aciclovir Recordati® (IT); Aciclovir Rovi® (ES); Aciclovir Sodium Injection® (NZ); Aciclovir Teva® (IT); Aciclovir TS® (IT); aciclovir von ct® (DE, LU); Aciclo von ct® (DE); Acic-Ophtal® (DE); Acicvir® (NZ); Acifur® (MX); Aciherpin® (RU); Acihexal® (AU); Acihexal Intravenous Infusion® (AU); Aciklovir® (HR, RO, RU, YU); Acitop® (ZA); Acivir® (CH, DE, DK, IL, IN); Acivirex® (GT, SV); Acix® (PL); Aclovir® (FI, SI); Activir® (AT, FR, ZA); A.C.V.® (TH); Acyclostad® (FI, NL, PL); Acyclo-V® (AU); Acyclovir Abbott® (TH); Acyclovir Alpharma® (FI, SE); Acyclovir-Cophar® (CH); Acyclovir Dumex-Alpharma® (DK); Acyclovir® (EC, ID, NO, PL, RU); Acyclovir Helvepharm® (CH); Acyclovir Hexpharm® (ID); Acyclovir Indo Farma® (ID); Acyclovir-Mepha® (CH); Acyclovir-Mepha i.v.® (CH); Acyclovir Stada® (PL, SG, TH); Acyclovir-Teva® (IL); Acy® (IT); Acyklowir® (PL); Acyl® (TR); Acyrax® (FI); Acyrax® [inj.] (FI); Acyvir® (EC, IT, TH); Adco-Acyclovir® (ZA); Aklovir® (RO, TR); Alovir® (IT); Alpha-Aciclovir® (NZ); Alti-Acyclovir (CA); Amodivyr® (IT); Anclomax® (BR); Anti® (SE); Antivir® (PL); Apo-Acyclovir® (CA, NZ, PL, SG, ZA); Apofarm® (AR); Asiviral® (TR); Aviral® (BR, CH); Avirase® (IT); Avirox® (DK); Avix® (IT); Avorax® (SG); Avyclor® (IT, RO); Avyplus® (IT); Avysal® (IT); Awirol® (PL); Azovir® (ID); Bearax® (SG); Cargosil® (RO); Cevinolon® (RO); Cevirin® (IT); Cicloferon® (MX); Cicloviral® (CO, PT); Cicloviral i.v.® (PT); Ciklovir® (HU); Citivir® (IT); Clinovir® (ID, TH); Clopes® (ID); Clovika® (ID); Clovin® (TH); Cloviran® (CL); Clovira® (TH); Clovir® (BD); Colsor® (TH); Compaclovir® (EC); Cusiviral® (ES, PL, SG); Cyclivex® (ZA); Cyclomed® (IL); Cyclorax® (TH); Cyclovax® (CY); Cyclovex® (BD); Cycloviran® (IT); Cyclovir® (CZ, IN, RO, RU); Danovir® (ID, SG); DBL Aciclovir® (TH); Deovir® (CL); Dioxis® (AR); Divicil® (PT); Docaciclo® (BE); Dravyr® (IT, SG); Ductovirax® (BR); Dynexan® (DE); Eduvir® (ID); Efriviral® (IT); Elmivirox® (RO); Elvirax® (SG); Entir® (SG, TH); Erlvirax® (SG); Esavir® (IT); Eurovir® (CL, EC); Euvirox® (RO); Exviral® (AT); Fuviron® (IT); Geavir® (DK, FI, SE); Geavir® [inj.] (FI, NO, SE); Gen-Acyclovir (CA); Global Acyclovir Tablets® (NZ); Hascovir® (PL); Helvevir® (CH); Hermixsofex® (PT); Hernovir® (RO, TR); Herpenon® (TH); Herpesil® (BR); Herpesin® (BG, CZ, HU, PL, RO, RU); Herpesnil® (IT); Herpetad® (DE); Herpex® (IN, PL, RO); Herpiclof® (ID); Herpin® (RO); Herpolips® (BE, FI); HerpoMed® (AT); Hervirex® (ID); Heviran® (PL); Iliaclor® (IT); Immunovir® (IT); Inmerax® (CL); Ipaviran® (IT); Ipsovir® (IT); Isavir® (MX); Juviral® (DE); Kenrovir® (ID); Klovireks-L® (TR); Kralvir-Us (GT, SV); Laciken® (MX); Lermex® (TH); Libravir® (EC); Lisavyr® (RU); Lisovyr® (AR, CL); Lixar® (AR); Lovir® (AU, RO, RU, SG); Lovire® (ZA); Lovir Tablets® (NZ); Mapox® (DE, LU); Marvir® (TH); Matrovir® (ID); Maynar® (ES); Medovir® (BG, CY, JO, RO, RU, SG, UA, VN); Milavir® (ES); Neclovir® (IT); Neviran® (IT); Nockwoo Acyclovir® (SG); Nor-Clovir® (SV); Norum® (TH); Nu-Acyclovir (CA); Nycovir® (AT); Oftavir® (CL, EC); Opthavir® (MX); Orivir® (DK); Poviral® (AR, ID); Previum® (NL); Provirsan® (CZ); Provir® (TR); Quavir® (ID); Ranviran® (PL); Ranvir® (CZ, TH); ratio-Acyclovir (CA); Rexan® (IT); Riduvir® (IT); Roidil® (EC); Sanavir® (IT); Scanovir® (ID); Sifiviral® (IT); Silovir® (TR); Simplevir® (DO); Simplex® (AT, NO); Supraviran® (AT, DE, LU, PL, RO, RU); Supraviran i.v.® (DE); Supra-Vir® (IL); Telviran® (HU); Unguent cu Aciclovir® (RO); Uni Vir® (BR); Vacrax® (SG); Vermis® (TH); Vilerm® (TH); Viracir® (PL); Viralief® (IE); Viratop® (BE); Virax-Puren® (DE); Viraxy® (TH); Virbelte® (ES); Vircovir® (ID); Virdam® (ID); Virest® (SG); Vireth® (ID); Virex® (CO); Virherpes® (ES); Virless YSP® (SG); Virmen Oftalmico® (ES); Virocul® (YU); Virogon® (TH); Virokill® (HU); Virolan® (TH); Virolex® (CZ, HR, HU, PL, RO, RU, SI); ViroMed® (AT, TH); Vironida® (CL); Viropox® (TH); Virosil® (TR); Virovir® (GB, ID); Viroxy® (IL); Virpes® (ID); Virtaz® (ID); Virucalm® (CH); Viruderm® (ES); Virupos® (DE, TR); Virux® (BD); Virzin® (DE); Vivax® (TH); Vivir® (TH); Voraclor® (IT); Vyrohexal® (ZA); Wariviron® (DO, HN, PA, SV); Xiclovir® (AR); Xorox® (AT, RO, TR); Zevin® (TH); Zocovin® (TH); Zolaten® (AU); Zoliparin® (DE); Zoral® (SG); Zorax® (SG); Zorel® (ID); Zoter® (ID); Zovirax® (AR, AT, AU, BD, BE, BG, BR, CA, CH, CL, CR, DE, DO, EC, ES, FI, FR, GB, GT, HK, HN, HU, ID, IE, IL, IN, IT, KW, LU, MX, NL, NO, NZ, PA, PL, PT, RO, RU, SE, SG, SV, TH, TR, YU, ZA); Zovir® (DK); Zoylex® (BR); Zumasid® (ID)


A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is the first of its kind, requiring compliance with 53 standards of quality and accountability, verified by independent audit. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial process . A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics (www.hiethics.com) and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997-2007 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com