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Pronunciation:

(am pi SIL in & proe BEN e sid)

U.S. Brand Names:

Probampacin®

Synonyms:

Probenecid and Ampicillin (Dental)

Generic Available:

Use:

Uncomplicated infections caused by susceptible strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in adults

Pregnancy Risk Factor:

Adverse Reactions:

>10%:

Central nervous system: Headache

Dermatologic: Rash

Gastrointestinal: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, oral candidiasis

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Gouty arthritis (acute)

1% to 10%:

Cardiovascular: Flushing of face

Central nervous system: Dizziness

Dermatologic: Skin rash, itching

Gastrointestinal: Sore gums, severe abdominal or stomach cramps and pain

Genitourinary: Dysuria

Renal: Renal calculi

<1%: Anaphylaxis, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hepatic necrosis leukopenia, lymphocytic leukemia. nephrotic syndrome, penicillin encephalopathy, seizure, urate nephropathy

Drug Interactions:

Probenecid: Inhibits CYP2C19 (weak)

Allopurinol: Theoretically has an additive potential for ampicillin/amoxicillin rash.

Aminoglycosides: May be synergistic against selected organisms.

Disulfiram: May increase levels of penicillins (ampicillin), potentially leading to increased toxicity.

Ketorolac: Avoid concomitant use with ketorolac since its half-life is increased twofold.

Methotrexate: Penicillins may increase the exposure to methotrexate during concurrent therapy; monitor.

Oral contraceptives: Anecdotal reports suggesting decreased contraceptive efficacy with penicillins have been refuted by more rigorous scientific and clinical data.

Warfarin: Effects of warfarin may be increased.

Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics:

See individual agents.

Dosage:

Administer entire contents of bottle as a single one time dose

Patient Education:

Shake well

Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment:

Key adverse event(s) related to dental treatment: Oral candidiasis (after chronic dosing), facial flushing, and sore gums.

Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic Precautions:

No information available to require special precautions

Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status:

Large I.V. doses may rarely produce encephalopathy; penicillins have been reported to cause apprehension, illusions, agitation, insomnia, depersonalization, and encephalopathy

Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment:

Rarely may cause bone marrow suppression; may rarely produce seizures; use caution with clozapine, carbamazepine, antidepressants, abruptly discontinued benzodiazepines

Dosage Forms:

Powder for oral suspension: Ampicillin 3.5 g and probenecid 1 g per bottle

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