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Home > Medical Reference > Encyclopedia (English)



 

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Pronunciation:

(naf AZ oh leen)

U.S. Brand Names:

AK-Con™; Albalon®; Allersol®; Clear Eyes® ACR [OTC]; Clear Eyes® Extra Relief [OTC]; Naphcon® [OTC]; Privine® [OTC]; VasoClear® [OTC] [DSC]

Synonyms:

Naphazoline Hydrochloride

Generic Available:

Yes: Ophthalmic solution

Canadian Brand Names:

Naphcon Forte®; Vasocon®

Use:

Topical ocular vasoconstrictor; will temporarily relieve congestion, itching, and minor irritation, and to control hyperemia in patients with superficial corneal vascularity; treatment of nasal congestion; adjunct for sinusitis

Pregnancy Risk Factor:

C

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to naphazoline or any component of the formulation; narrow-angle glaucoma, prior to peripheral iridectomy (in patients susceptible to angle block)

Warnings/Precautions:

Rebound congestion may occur with extended use; use with caution in the presence of hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, coronary artery disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis, or long-standing bronchial asthma

Adverse Reactions:

Frequency not defined.

Cardiovascular: Systemic cardiovascular stimulation

Central nervous system: Dizziness, headache, nervousness

Gastrointestinal: Nausea

Local: Transient stinging, nasal mucosa irritation, dryness, rebound congestion

Ocular: Mydriasis, increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision

Respiratory: Sneezing

Overdosage/Toxicology:

Symptoms of overdose include CNS depression, hypothermia, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse, apnea, coma

Following initiation of essential overdose management, toxic symptoms should be treated. The patient should be kept warm and monitored for alterations in vital functions. Seizures commonly respond to diazepam (5-10 mg I.V. bolus in adults every 15 minutes if needed up to a total of 30 mg; I.V. 0.25-0.4 mg/kg/dose up to a total of 10 mg for children) or to phenytoin or phenobarbital. Hypotension should be treated with fluids.

Drug Interactions:

Anesthetics (discontinue mydriatic prior to use of anesthetics that sensitize the myocardium to sympathomimetics, ie, cyclopropane, halothane), MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants may cause hypertensive reactions.

Stability:

Store in tight, light-resistant containers

Mechanism of Action:

Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva and the nasal mucosa to produce vasoconstriction

Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics:

Onset of action: Decongestant: Topical: ~10 minutes

Duration: 2-6 hours

Dosage:

Nasal:

Children:

<6 years: Intranasal: Not recommended (especially infants) due to CNS depression

6-12 years: 1 spray of 0.05% into each nostril every 6 hours if necessary; therapy should not exceed 3-5 days

Children >12 years and Adults: 0.05%, instill 1-2 drops or sprays every 6 hours if needed; therapy should not exceed 3-5 days

Ophthalmic:

Children <6 years: Not recommended for use due to CNS depression (especially in infants)

Children >6 years and Adults: Instill 1-2 drops into conjunctival sac of affected eye(s) every 3-4 hours; therapy generally should not exceed 3-4 days

Patient Education:

Do not use discolored solutions; discontinue eye drops if visual changes or ocular pain occur; notify prescriber of insomnia, tremor, or irregular heartbeat; stinging, burning, or drying of the nasal mucosa may occur; do not use beyond 72 hours

Nursing Implications:

Rebound congestion can result with continued use

Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment:

No significant effects or complications reported

Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic Precautions:

No information available to require special precautions

Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status:

May cause nervousness or dizziness

Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment:

TCAs and MAO inhibitors may potentiate the pressor response of decongestants; monitor for changes in response

Dosage Forms:

[DSC] = Discontinued product

Solution, intranasal drops, as hydrochloride (Privine®): 0.05% (25 mL)

Solution, intranasal spray, as hydrochloride (Privine®): 0.05% (20 mL)

Solution, ophthalmic, as hydrochloride: 0.1% (15 mL)

AK-Con™, Albalon®, Allersol®: 0.1% (15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride]

Clear Eyes® Extra Relief: 0.012% (6 mL, 15 mL, 30 mL) [contains glycerin 0.2% and benzalkonium chloride]

Clear Eyes® ACR: 0.012% (15 mL, 30 mL) [contains glycerin 0.2%, zinc sulfate 0.25%, and benzalkonium chloride]

Naphcon®: 0.012% (15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride]

VasoClear®: 0.02% (15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride] [DSC]

International Brand Names:

Afazol Grin® (MX); Albalon® (AU, BE, CH, HK, LU, NL, NZ); Albasol® (CL, CO); Alphadinal® (MX); Bactio-Rhin® (AR); Benil® (HR, SI, YU); Clarimir® (CL); Claroft® (BR); Clear Eyes® (AU); Clorhidrat de Nafazolina® (RO); Cloridrato de Nafazolina® (BR); Coldan® (AT); Colirio Alfa® (ES); Collirio Alfa® (IT); Danof® (CL); Dazolin® (AR); Deltarhinol® (BE, TR); Desamin Same® (IT); Disel® (AR); Enflucide® (TR); Gotinal® (AR); Idril® (DE); Imidazyl® (IT); Iridina due® (IT); Isoftal® (AT); Ixana® (AR); Minhavez® (BE); Miraclar® (ES); Mirafrin® (CO); Mirasan® (AR); Murine® (GB); Nafaborat® (HR); Nafa-Gal® (RO); Nafazolina® (AR); Nafazolin Jadran® (HR); Nafazolin® (RO, YU); Nafazol® (RO, YU); Naftazolina® (IT); Naphasal Drops® (IL); Naphazolin® (BG); Naphcon forte® (AU, BE); Naphcon Forte® (CA); Naphcon forte® (IL, LU, TH, ZA); Naphcon® (RO, ZA); Naphtears® (CL); Naphthyzin® (RU); Narix® (BR); Neusinol® (BE); Ocunasal® (IL); Ophaguttal® (AT); Optazine® (AU); Optrine® (ID); Priciasol® (BE); Privina® (AR, BR); Privin® (AT, DE); Proculin® (CZ, DE, HU, RO); Pupilla® (IT); Red Off® (CL); Rhinaf® (EC); Rhinal® (AR); Rhinazin® (PL); Rhinon® (AT); Rhinon - Nasentropfen® (AT); Rhinoperd® (AT); Rimidol® (SE); Rinalek® (YU); Rinazina® (IT); Rinofug® (RO); Rinogut® (RO); Rino naftazolina® (IT); Safyr Bleu® (ZA); Sanorin® (CZ, RU); Siozwo® (DE); Tele-Stulln® (DE); Vasacon® (ID); Vasocedine® (BE, LU); Vasocon® (CA); Vasoconstrictor Pensa® (ES); VasoNit® (DE); Vi-Claro® (CL); Video-mill® (IT); Virginiana gocce verdi® (IT)

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
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