Treatment:

The goal of treatment is to prevent complications. Hospitalization is required.

Type A aortic dissections require surgery to repair the aorta. Type B aortic dissections may be treated with medication.

Drugs that lower blood pressure may be prescribed. These drugs may be given through a vein (intravenously). Strong pain relievers are usually needed. Heart medications such as beta-blockers may reduce some of the symptoms.

Surgery to repair or replace the damaged section of aorta can cure the condition in some cases. If the aortic valve is damaged, valve replacement is necessary. If the heart arteries are involved, a coronary bypass is also performed.

Expectations (prognosis):

Aortic dissection is life threatening. The condition can be cured with surgery if it is done before the aorta ruptures. Less than half of patients with ruptured aorta survive.

Complications:

• Aortic rupture causing rapid blood loss, shock
• Bleeding from the aorta
• Blood clots
• Cardiac tamponade
• Heart attack
• Not enough blood flow past the dissection
• Permanent kidney failure
• Stroke

Calling your health care provider:

If you have symptoms of aortic dissection or severe chest pain, call 911 or your local emergency number, or go to the emergency room as quickly as possible.