Treatment:

The goal of treatment is to prevent complications. Hospitalization is required.

Type A aortic dissections require immediate surgery to repair the aorta. Type B aortic dissections may be treated with medication first.

Drugs that lower blood pressure may be prescribed. These drugs may be given through a vein (intravenously). Strong pain relievers are usually needed. Heart medications such as beta-blockers may reduce some of the symptoms.

If the aortic valve is damaged, valve replacement is necessary. If the heart arteries are involved, a coronary bypass is also performed.

Expectations (prognosis):

Aortic dissection is life threatening. The condition can be managed with surgery if it is done before the aorta ruptures. Less than half of patients with ruptured aorta survive.

Complications:

• Aortic rupture causing rapid blood loss, shock
• Bleeding from the aorta
• Blood clots
• Cardiac tamponade
• Heart attack
• Not enough blood flow past the dissection
• Permanent kidney failure
• Stroke

Calling your health care provider:

If you have symptoms of aortic dissection or severe chest pain, call 911 or your local emergency number, or go to the emergency room as quickly as possible.