Definition of Amebic liver abscess:

Amebic liver abscess is a collection of pus in the liver caused by an intestinal parasite.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Amebic liver abscess is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, the same organism that causes amebiasis, an intestinal infection. The organism is carried by the blood from the intestines to the liver.

The disease spreads through ingestion of cysts in fecally-contaminated food or water, use of human waste as fertilizer, and person-to-person contact.

The infection occurs worldwide, but is most common in tropical areas where crowded living conditions and poor sanitation exist. Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia, and India have significant health problems associated with this disease.

Risk factors for amebic liver abscess include:

• Malnutrition
• Old age
• Pregnancy
• Steroid use
• Cancer
• Immunosuppression
• Alcoholism
• Recent travel to a tropical region
• Homosexuality, particularly in males