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Type 2 diabetes - Prevention

Alternative Names

Noninsulin-dependent diabetes; Diabetes - type 2; Adult-onset diabetes

Prevention:

Screening for type 2 diabetes and people with no symptoms is recommended for:

  • Overweight children who have other risk factors for diabetes, starting at age 10 and repeating every 2 years
  • Overweight adults (BMI greater than 25) who have other risk factors
  • Adults over 45, repeated every 3 years

Maintain a healthy body weight and keep an active lifestyle to help prevent type 2 diabetes.

To prevent complications of diabetes, visit your health care provider or diabetes educator at least four times a year. Talk about any problems you are having.

Regularly have the following tests:

  • Have your blood pressure checked every year (blood pressure goals should be 130/80 mm/Hg or lower).
  • Have your glycosulated hemoglobin (HbA1c) checked every 6 months if your diabetes is well controlled, otherwise every 3 months.
  • Have your cholesterol and triglyceride levels checked yearly (aim for LDL levels below 100 mg/dL).
  • Get yearly tests to make sure your kidneys are working well (microalbuminuria and serum creatinine).
  • Visit your ophthalmologist (preferably one who specializes in diabetic retinopathy) at least once a year, or more often if you have signs of diabetic retinopathy.
  • See the dentist every 6 months for a thorough dental cleaning and exam. Make sure your dentist and hygienist know that you have diabetes.
  • Make sure your health care provider inspects your feet at each visit.

Stay up-to-date with all of your vaccinations and get a flu shot every year in the fall.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/12/2008
  • A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Greg Juhn, MTPW, David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Elizabeth H. Holt, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yale University. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (6/17/2008).

References

American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes -- 2008. Diabetes Care. 2008/31:S12-S54.

American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of medical care in diabetes IV. Prevention/delay of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:S7-S8.

In the clinic. Type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:ITC-1-15.

Psaty BM, Furberg CD. Rosiglitazone and Cardiovascular Risk. N Engl J Med. 2007 May 21; [Epub ahead of print].

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
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