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Symptoms may also occur due to low calcium levels. These include:
Blood tests will be done to check vitamin D, creatinine, calcium, and phosphate levels.
A bone biopsy reveals bone softening.
Bone x-rays and a bone density test can help detect pseudofractures, bone loss, and bone softening.
Other tests may be done to determine if there is a kidney problem or other underlying disorder. These tests include:
Wysolmerski JJ, Insogna KL. The parathyroid glands, hypercalcemia, and hypocalcemia. In: Kronenberg HM, Schlomo M, Polansky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2008:chap 266.
Bringhurst FR, Demay MB, Kronenberg HM. Disorders of mineral metabolism. In: Kronenberg HM, Schlomo M, Polansky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2008:chap 27.
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