Treatment:

Medicines should be taken as soon as possible if you have a sudden gout attack.

• Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or indomethacin as soon as your symptoms begin. Talk to your health care provider about the correct dose. You will need stronger doses for a few days.
• Your health care provider may prescribe strong painkillers such as codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone.
• A prescription medicine called colchicine helps reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation.
• Corticosteroids can also be very effective. Your doctor may inject the inflamed joint with steroids to relieve the pain.
• The pain often goes away within 12 hours of starting treatment, and is completely relieved in 48 hours.

Daily use of allopurinol or probenecid decrease uric acid levels in your blood. Your doctor may prescribe these medicines if:

• You have several attacks during the same year or your attacks are quite severe
• You have damage to joints
• You have tophi
• You have uric acid kidney stones

Some diet and lifestyle changes may help prevent gouty attacks:

• Avoid alcohol
• Reduce how many purine-rich foods you eat, especially anchovies, sardines, oils, herring, organ meat (liver, kidney, and sweetbreads), legumes (dried beans and peas), gravies, mushrooms, spinach, asparagus, cauliflower, consommé, and baking or brewer's yeast.
• Limit how much meat you eat at each meal.
• Avoid fatty foods such as salad dressings, ice cream, and fried foods.
• Eat enough carbohydrates.
• If you are losing weight, lose it slowly. Quick weight loss may cause uric acid kidney stones to form.

See also: Kidney stones

Expectations (prognosis):

Proper treatment of acute attacks allows people to live a normal life. However, the acute form of the disease may progress to chronic gout.

Complications:

• Chronic gouty arthritis
• Kidney stones
• Deposits in the kidneys, leading to chronic kidney failure

Calling your health care provider:

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of acute gouty arthritis.