Treatment:

Not all patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria respond to treatment or even need treatment. Pregnant women, kidney transplant recipients, children with vesicoureteral reflux, and those with infected kidney stones appear to be more likely to benefit from treatment with antibiotics.

Giving antibiotics to persons who have long-term urinary catheters in place may cause harm. The bacteria may be more difficult to treat and the patients may develop a yeast infection.

If asymptomatic bacteriuria is found before a urological procedure, it should be treated to prevent complications. The course of treatment in these cases depends on the person's risk factors.

Expectations (prognosis):

Most individuals with asymptomatic bacteriuria who do not have risk factors for complications do extremely well.

The outlook for those at high-risk is good if the infection is detected early, but it depends on the person's overall health.

Complications:

Untreated, asymptomatic bacteriuria can lead to a kidney infection in high-risk individuals. In some cases, particularly in those who have had kidney transplants, such infections may lead to the loss of kidney function.

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if the following symptoms occur:

• Difficulty emptying your bladder
• Fever
• Flank or back pain
• Pain with urination

You will need to be evaluated for a bladder or kidney infection.