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Subdural hematoma

• Overview
• Symptoms
• Treatment
• Prevention

Definition:

A subdural hematoma is a collection of blood on the surface of the brain.

Alternative Names:

Subdural hemorrhage

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Subdural hematomas are usually the result of a serious head injury. When they occur in this way, it is called an "acute" subdural hematoma. Acute subdural hematomas are among the deadliest of all head injuries. The bleeding fills the brain area very rapidly, leaving little room for the brain, and are associated with brain injury.

Subdural hematomas can also after a very minor head injury, especially in the elderly. These go unnoticed for many days to many weeks, and are called "chronic" subdural hematomas. During a subdural hematoma, tiny veins between the surface of the brain and its outer covering (the dura) stretch and tear, allowing blood to collect. In the elderly, the veins are often already stretched because of brain atrophy (shrinkage).

Some subdural hematomas occur without cause (spontaneously).

The following increase your risk for a subdural hematoma:

• Head injury
• Very young or very old age
• Anticoagulant medication (blood thinners)
• Long term abuse of alcohol

• Review Date: 7/14/2006
• Reviewed By: J.A. Lee, M.D., Division of Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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