Treatment:

The goals of treatment are to cure the infection and stop the disorder from getting worse. Treatment of the infection reduces new nerve damage and may reduce symptoms, but it does not cure existing damage.

Penicillin or other antibiotics (such as tetracycline or erythromycin) are given to treat the infection. Treatment may be prolonged to ensure that the infection is completely cleared. Symptoms may improve dramatically after treatment. A follow-up examination of the cerebrospinal fluid is required to evaluate the effectiveness of the antibiotic therapy.

Symptomatic treatment is required for existing neurologic damage. Emergency treatment of seizures may be required! Anticonvulsants such as phenytoin may be needed to control seizures.

Assistance or supervision may be needed if the person is unable to function in self-care activities (eating, dressing, etc.). Confusion and other mental changes may improve or be prolonged after antibiotic treatment.

Expectations (prognosis):

A progressive disability is possible. Early death is common, with death caused directly by the neurologic damage (resulting in decreased function of body systems) or by cardiovascular damage that also occurs with late syphilis infections.

People with late syphilis infections are at a greater risk for other infections and diseases. A seizure disorder can arise after infection.

Complications:

• Inability to care for self
• Inability to communicate or interact
• Injury caused during seizures
• Stroke secondary to syphilis

Calling your health care provider:

Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if seizures occur.

Call your health care provider if severe headache with fever or other symptoms are present, particularly if there is a known history of syphilis infection.