• Home

Home > Medical Reference > Encyclopedia (English)

Toggle: English / Spanish

Glossitis

• Overview
• Symptoms
• Treatment
• Prevention

Definition:

Glossitis is an abnormality of the tongue that results from inflammation.

Alternative Names:

Tongue inflammation; Tongue infection

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Changes in the appearance of the tongue may be a primary tongue disorder, or it may be a symptom of other disorders. Glossitis occurs when there is acute or chronic inflammation of the tongue. It causes the tongue to swell and change color. Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) are lost, causing the tongue to appear smooth. Also see geographic tongue .

The causes of glossitis include:

• Bacterial or viral infections (including oral herpes simplex )
• Mechanical irritation or injury from burns, rough edges of teeth or dental appliances, or other trauma
• Exposure to irritants such as tobacco, alcohol, hot foods, or spices
• Allergic reaction to toothpaste, mouthwash, breath fresheners, dyes in candy, plastic in dentures or retainers, or certain blood-pressure medications (ACE inhibitors)
• Disorders such as iron deficiency anemia , pernicious anemia and other B-vitamin deficiencies, oral lichen planus , erythema multiform , aphthous ulcers , pemphigus vulgaris , syphilis , and others

Occasionally, glossitis can be inherited.

• Review Date: 1/30/2007
• Reviewed By: Ravindra Uppaluri, MD. Otolaryngologist, Private Practice, St. Louis, MO. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is the first of its kind, requiring compliance with 53 standards of quality and accountability, verified by independent audit. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial process . A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics (www.hiethics.com) and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2007 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.