Definition of Glossitis:

Glossitis is a condition in which the tongue is swollen and changes color, often making the surface of the tongue appear smooth.

See also: Geographic tongue

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Glossitis is often a symptom of other conditions or problems, including:

• Allergic reaction to toothpaste, mouthwash, breath fresheners, dyes in candy, plastic in dentures or retainers, or certain blood pressure medications (ACE inhibitors)
• Dry mouth, when the glands that produce saliva are destroyed (see: Sjogren syndrome)
• Infections with bacteria or viruses (including oral herpes simplex)
• Injury from burns, rough edges of teeth or dental appliances, or other trauma
• Low iron levels (called iron deficiency) or certain B vitamins, such as vitamin B12
• Skin conditions such as oral lichen planus, erythema multiform, aphthous ulcers, pemphigus vulgaris, syphilis, and others
• Tobacco, alcohol, hot foods, spices, or other irritants
• Yeast infection in the mouth

At times, glossitis may be passed down in families and is not due to another disease or event.