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Congenital hypothyroidism

• Overview
• Symptoms
• Treatment
• Prevention

Alternative Names:

Cretinism

Treatment:

Early diagnosis is very important. Most of the effects of hypothyroidism are easily reversible.

Replacement therapy with thyroxine is the standard treatment of hypothyroidism. Once medication starts, the blood levels of TSH and free T4 are monitored to keep the values within a normal range.

Expectations (prognosis):

Very early diagnosis generally results in a good outcome for the infant, in terms of growth and mental capability. Newborns diagnosed and treated in the first month or so generally develop normal intelligence.

Untreated, even mild hypothyroidism can lead to severe mental retardation and growth retardation. Critical development of the nervous system takes place in the first few months after birth. Thyroid hormone deficiency may result in irreversible damage to the nervous system.

Complications:

• Mental retardation
• Growth retardation
• Heart problems

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if you feel your child shows signs or symptoms of hypothyroidism, if you are pregnant and are exposed to antithyroid drugs or procedures, or have signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism.

References:

Harris KB, Pass KA. Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States. Mol Genet Metab . 2007; 91(3):268-277.

• Review Date: 7/17/2007
• Reviewed By: Robert Hurd, MD, Professor of Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH, and physician in the Primary Care Clinic, Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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