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Asherman syndrome is the formation of intrauterine adhesions, which typically result from scars that develop after uterine surgery.
Asherman syndrome is a rare condition. In most cases, it occurs in women who have had several dilatation and curettage (D&C) procedures.
A severe pelvic infection unrelated to surgery may also lead to Asherman syndrome.
Intrauterine adhesions can also form after infection with tuberculosis or schistosomiasis. These infections are rare in the United States, and uterine complications such as Asherman syndrome related to these infections are even less common.
Kodaman PH, Arici A. Intra-uterine adhesions and fertility outcome: how to optimize success? Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2007; 19(207-214).