Definition of Adolescent depression:

Adolescent depression is a disorder that affects teenagers. It leads to sadness, discouragement, and a loss of self-worth and interest in their usual activities.

See also:

• ADHD
• Bipolar disorder
• Depression
• Major depression

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Depression can be a response to many situations and stresses. In teenagers, depressed mood is common because of:

• The normal process of maturing and the stress that occurs with it
• The influence of sex hormones
• Independence conflicts with parents

It may also be a reaction to a disturbing event, such as:

• The death of a friend or relative
• A breakup with a boyfriend or girlfriend
• Failure at school

Teens who are most likely to become depressed when they experience stressful events:

• Have low self-esteem
• Are very critical of themselves
• Feel little control over negative events

Adolescent girls are twice as likely as boys to experience depression. A family history of depression also puts teenagers at greater risk.

The following events or situations can cause depression:

• Bullying or harassment at school or somewhere else
• Child abuse - both physical and sexual
• Lack of social skills
• Learning disabilities
• Long-term illness
• Poor parenting or caregiving
• Stressful life events, such as the loss of a parent to death or divorce

Many adolescents with depression may also have:

• Anxiety disorders
• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
• Bipolar disorder
• Eating disorders (bulimia and anorexia)