Treatment:

Treatment for people with pathological gambling begins with recognizing the problem. Pathological gambling is often associated with denial. People with the illness often refuse to accept that they have a problem or need treatment.

Most people with pathological gambling enter treatment under pressure from others, rather than voluntarily accepting the need for treatment.

Treatment options include:

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been found to be effective.
• Self-help support groups, such as Gamblers Anonymous. Gamblers Anonymous is a 12-step program similar to Alcoholics Anonymous. Principles related to stopping the habit (abstinence) for other types of addiction, such as substance abuse and alcohol dependence, can also be helpful in the treatment of pathological gambling.
• A few studies have been done on medications for the treatment of pathological gambling. Early results suggest that antidepressants and opioid antagonists (naltrexone) may help treat the symptoms of pathological gambling. However, it is not yet clear which people will respond to medications.

Expectations (prognosis):

Like alcohol or drug addiction, pathological gambling is a chronic disorder that tends to get worse without treatment. Even with treatment, it's common to start gambling again (relapse). However, people with pathological gambling can do very well with the right treatment.

Complications:

Complications may include:

• Alcohol and drug abuse problems
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Financial, social, and legal problems (including bankruptcy, divorce, job loss, time in prison)
• Heart attacks (from the stress and excitement of gambling)
• Suicide attempts

Getting the right treatment can help prevent many of these problems.

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider or mental health professional if you believe you have symptoms of pathological gambling.