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Depression - elderly

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Definition:

Depression is a medical illness characterized by persistent sadness , discouragement , and loss of self-worth. These feelings are accompanied by reduced energy and concentration, sleep problems (insomnia), decreased appetite and weight loss. In the elderly, depression is also frequently characterized by excessive concerns about bodily aches and pains.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Detecting depression in the elderly may be complicated by several factors. Often the symptoms of depression such as fatigue , loss of appetite , and sleeping difficulties are associated with the aging process or a medical condition rather than with major depressive disorder .

Contributing factors include the loss of a spouse or close friends, chronic pain and illness, difficulty with mobility, frustration with memory loss, difficulty adapting to changing circumstances such as moving from a home to a retirement facility, or changes within the family.

Depression can also be a sign of a medical problem. It may be complicated by brain disorders associated with the aging process such as Alzheimer's disease .

Depression in the elderly is a widespread problem that is often not diagnosed and frequently undertreated. Many older individuals will not admit to signs and symptoms of depression for fear of being seen as weak or crazy.

• Review Date: 10/17/2005
• Reviewed By: Christos Ballas, M.D., Attending Psychiatrist, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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