Symptoms:

• Ability to speak at home with family
• Failure to speak in certain social situations
• Fear of people
• Shyness

This pattern of mutism must be observed for at least 1 month. (The first month of school does not count, because shyness is common during this period.)

Signs and tests:

Teachers and counselors should consider cultural issues, such as recently moving to a new country and speaking another language. Children who are uncomfortable with a new language may not want to use it outside of a familiar setting. This is not necessarily selective mutism.

Treatment:

Current treatment involves behavior changes, family participation, and the child's school. Certain medications that treat anxiety and social phobia have been used safely and successfully.

Support Groups:

For more information and resources, see selective mutism support groups.

Expectations (prognosis):

Children with this syndrome can have different outcomes. Some may need to continue therapy for shyness and social anxiety into the teenage years, and possibly into adulthood.

Complications:

Selective mutism can affect the child's ability to function in school or social settings. Without treatment, symptoms may get worse.

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if your child has symptoms of selective mutism, and it is affecting school and social activities.