Symptoms:

• Clenched hands
• Crossed legs (preferred position)
• Heart disease (congenital)
• Hole, split, or cleft in the iris (coloboma)
• Kidney problems
• Low birth weight
• Low-set ears
• Mental deficiency
• Separation between the left and right side of the rectus abdominis muscle (diastasis recti)
• Small head (microcephaly)
• Small jaw (micrognathia)
• Umbilical hernia or inguinal hernia
• Underdeveloped fingernails
• Undescended testicle
• Unusual shaped chest (Pectus carinatum)

Signs and tests:

Examination of the pregnant woman may show an unusually large uterus and extra amniotic fluid. An unusually small placenta may be seen when the baby is born.

Physical examination of the infant may show unusual finger print patterns. X-rays may show a short breast bone. Chromosome studies show trisomy 18, partial trisomy, or translocation.

There are often signs of congenital heart disease, such as:

• VSD (ventricular septal defect)
• ASD (atrial septal defect)
• PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)

Tests may also show kidney problems, including:

• Horseshoe kidney
• Hydronephrosis
• Polycystic kidney