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Carbohydrates - Overview

Alternative Names

Starches; Simple sugars; Sugars; Complex carbohydrates; Diet - carbohydrates; Simple carbohydrates

Definition of Carbohydrates:

Carbohydrates are one of the main dietary components. This category of foods includes sugars, starches, and fiber.

Function:

The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for the body, especially the brain and the nervous system. An enzyme called amylase helps break down carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar), which is used for energy by the body.

Complex carbohydrates

Simple carbohydrates

Starchy foods

Reviewed last on: 12/12/2008
A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Greg Juhn, MTPW, David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Linda Vorvick, MD, Family Practitioner, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine (8/22/2008).

References

Farrell JJ. Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients and Vitamins. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2006:chap 97.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005. Rockville, MD: US Dept. of Health and Human Services and US Dept. of Agriculture; 2005.

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