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Tracheostomy - Overview

Definition of Tracheostomy:

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure to create an opening through the neck into the trachea (windpipe). A tube is usually placed through this opening to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs. This tube is called a tracheostomy tube or trach tube.

Description:

General anesthesia is used. The neck is cleaned and draped. Surgical cuts are made to expose the tough cartilage rings that make up the outer wall of the trachea. The surgeon then creates an opening into the trachea and inserts a tracheostomy tube.

Why the Procedure Is Performed:

A tracheostomy may be done if you have:

A large object blocking the airway
An inherited abnormality of the larynx or trachea
Breathed in harmful material such as smoke, steam, or other toxic gases
Cancer of the neck, which can affect breathing
Breathed in harmful material such as smoke or steam
Paralysis of the muscles that affect swallowing
Severe neck or mouth injuries

Tracheostomy - series

Reviewed last on: 1/16/2009
Jacob L. Heller, MD, Emergency Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, Clinic. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

References

Goldenberg D, Bhatti N. Management of the impaired airway in the adult. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2005:chap 106.

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