Comprehensive metabolic panel - Overview

Alternative Names

Metabolic panel - comprehensive; Chem-20; SMA20; Sequential multi-channel analysis with computer-20; SMAC20; Metabolic panel 20

Definition of Comprehensive metabolic panel:

A comprehensive metabolic panel is a group of chemical tests performed on the blood serum (the part of blood that doesn't contain cells).

This test provides an overall picture of your body's metabolism. Metabolism refers to all the physical and chemical processes in the body that use energy.

How the test is performed:

A blood sample is needed. For information on how this is done, see: Venipuncture

How to prepare for the test:

You should not eat or drink for 8 hours before the test.

How the test will feel:

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.

Why the test is performed:

This test will give your doctor information about:

How your kidneys and liver are working
Blood sugar, cholesterol, and calcium levels
Sodium, potassium, and chloride levels (called electrolytes)
Protein levels

Your doctor may order this test during a yearly exam or routine checkup.

Reviewed last on: 8/30/2011
A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, and David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine (2/20/2011).

Electrolytes

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