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Semen analysis

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Definition:

A semen analysis is a test to measure the amount and quality of a man's semen and sperm. It is sometimes called a sperm count.

Alternative Names:

Male fertility test; Sperm count

How the test is performed:

A semen sample will be obtained. Semen is the thick, white, sperm-containing fluid excreted during ejaculation. The method of sample collection should be discussed with the health care provider.

The sample may be obtained by masturbation into a sterile container. It may also be achieved by intercourse using a special condom supplied by the health care provider. The sample must be analyzed within 2 hours of the collection. The earlier the sample is analyzed the more reliable the results are.

At the laboratory, the semen sample is analyzed and the following are determine:

• Sample volume
• Number and structure of the sperm
• Sperm movement
• Fluid thickness, acidity, and sugar content

How to prepare for the test:

There should be no sexual activity that causes ejaculation for 2 - 3 days before the test.

How the test will feel:

If the man is uncomfortable about how the sample is to be taken, this should be discussed with the health care provider.

Why the test is performed:

The test is done to evaluate a man's fertility. Approximately half of couples unable to have children have a male infertility problem. One of the first tests done to evaluate a man's fertility is the semen analysis. It can help determine if a problem in sperm production or quality of the sperm is causing infertility .

The test may also be used after a vasectomy to make sure there are no sperm in the semen.

Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:

• Klinefelter syndrome

• Review Date: 6/5/2007
• Reviewed By: Marc Greenstein, DO, Urologist, North Jersey Center for Urologic Care, Denville, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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