What the risks are:

BMD testing involves exposure to a low level of radiation. Most experts feel that the risk is very low compared with the benefits of identifying osteoporosis before you break a bone.

Special considerations:

Regular BMD testing can be important in combating osteoporosis in certain people. The overall cost-benefit value of screening everyone, including those who are not at high risk, is still a matter of debate. Many insurance companies today will pay for bone density testing under certain circumstances.

Most experts agree postmenopausal women over age 65 years are at highest risk and should have bone density tests.

Woman under 65 may also be screened if they have additional risk factors, such as:

• Chronic rheumatoid arthritis
• Fracture (if they are over 50)
• Early menopause (either from natural causes or surgery)
• Smoking
• Strong family history of osteoporosis
• Taking corticosteroid medications (prednisone, methylprednisolone) every day for more than 3 months
• Three or more drinks of alcohol per day on most days

Simple bone density scans using portable machines may be available as part of health fairs or screenings. These portable scanners may check the density of your wrist or heel. However, keep in mind that hip and spine scans are more reliable.