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Microdiskectomy

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• Risks

Alternative Names:

Spinal microdiskectomy; Microdecompression

Definition:

Spinal microdiskectomy is the minimally invasive surgical removal of disk fragments from a herniated disk , usually in the lower back (lumbar area). Unlike lumbar spine surgery that requires an incision 2 to 5 inches long, microdiskectomy is performed through a very small incision (about 1 to 1 ½ inches).

Description:

Microdiskectomy is conducted in a hospital or outpatient surgical center while the patient is under local anesthesia (awake but pain-free) or general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free). A special high-powered microscope magnifies the affected disk(s) and nerves, and guides the doctor during surgery.

A tiny surgical cut is made on the patient’s back, and the surgeon moves the back muscles away from the spine. After identifying and moving the nerve root, the surgeon removes the injured disk tissue and fragments. The back muscles are then moved back into their normal position, and the wound is closed with stitches or staples.

Indications:

It’s important to note that patients with low back pain are usually treated conservatively before surgery is considered. Bedrest, traction , anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and exercise are often prescribed.

Spinal microdiskectomy is done to relieve nerve pain and pressure. It may be performed in patients with the following conditions:

• Herniated lumbar disk
• Leg pain or weakness ( sciatica ) caused by a herniated disk
• Cauda equina syndrome

References:

Deen HG, Fenton DS, Lamer TJ. Minimally invasive procedures for disorders of the lumbar spine. Mayo Clin Proc . 2003 Oct;78(10):1249-56. Review.

Koebbe CJ. Lumbar Microdiscectomy: A Historical Perspective and Current Technical Considerations. Neurosurg Focus 13 (2): Article 3, 2002.

• Review Date: 3/13/2007
• Reviewed By: Andrew L. Chen, M.D., M.S., Orthopedist, The Alpine Clinic, Littleton, NH.Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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