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Tuberculosis pulmonar - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

TB; Tuberculosis en los pulmones

Síntomas:

La fase primaria de la tuberculosis normalmente no causa síntomas. Cuando los síntomas de tuberculosis pulmonar se presentan, pueden abarcar:

Tos (algunas veces con expectoración de moco)
Expectoración con sangre
Sudoración excesiva, especialmente en la noche
Fatiga
Fiebre
Pérdida involuntaria de peso

Otros síntomas que pueden ocurrir con esta enfermedad:

Dificultad respiratoria
Dolor torácico
Sibilancias

Signos y exámenes:

El examen puede mostrar:

Dedos hipocráticos en manos y pies (en personas con enfermedad avanzada)
Agrandamiento o sensibilidad de los ganglios linfáticos en el cuello u otras áreas
Líquido alrededor del pulmón (derrame pleural)
Ruidos respiratorios inusuales (crepitaciones)

Los exámenes pueden abarcar:

Biopsia del tejido afectado (poco común)
Broncoscopia
Tomografía computarizada del tórax
Radiografía de tórax
Prueba de sangre con interferón gamma, como la prueba QFT-Gold para comprobar la infección de tuberculosis
Examen y cultivos del esputo
Toracocentesis
Prueba cutánea con tuberculina

Tuberculosis renal

Tuberculosis pulmonar

Tuberculosis avanzada, radiografía de tórax

Nódulo pulmonar; vista frontal en placa de rayos X de tórax

Nódulo pulmonar solitario; TC

Tuberculosis miliar

Tuberculosis pulmonar

Eritema nodoso asociado con sarcoidosis

Sistema respiratorio

Reviewed last on: 12/7/2010
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Iseman MD. Tuberculosis. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 345.

Fitzgerald DW, Sterling TR, Haas DW. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolan R, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Orlando, FL: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 250.

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