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Coccidioidomicosis pulmonar crónica - Overview

Definición:

Es una infección pulmonar causada por la inhalación del hongo Coccidioides.

Causas:

La infección es causada por la inhalación de las esporas de un hongo que se encuentra en el suelo en regiones desérticas del sudoeste de los Estados Unidos, México, al igual que Centro y Sudamérica. La enfermedad puede presentarse de forma aguda, crónica o diseminada.

Las personas adquieren la forma crónica meses o años después de tener una infección que con frecuencia no está diagnosticada. Se pueden formar abscesos pulmonares y romperse, causando la formación de pus en la cavidad pulmonar ( empiema) o de una conexión anormal entre una vía respiratoria y la cavidad pulmonar (fístula broncopleural). Se puede presentar cicatrización (fibrosis) y cavidades en la parte superior de los pulmones a medida que la forma crónica de coccidioidomicosis empeora en un período de meses o años.

La mayoría de las infecciones de coccidioidomicosis pulmonar no se vuelven crónicas.

Los siguientes factores incrementan el riesgo de las formas crónica y diseminada de esta enfermedad:

  • Origen filipino o africano
  • Sistema inmunitario débil
  • Embarazo
  • Neumopatía o cardiopatía preexistente
  • Diabetes
  • Reviewed last on: 8/28/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Galgiani J. Coccidioides species. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone; 2005:chap 264.

Galgiani JN. Coccidioidomycosis. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 354.

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