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Cáncer pulmonar de células pequeñas - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas; Carcinoma microcítico de pulmón; SCLC

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico llevará a cabo un examen y hará preguntas acerca de la historia clínica. Le preguntarán si fuma y, de ser así, qué cantidad y por cuánto tiempo lo ha hecho.

Al escuchar el tórax con un estetoscopio, el médico algunas veces puede oír líquido alrededor de los pulmones o áreas de atelectasia pulmonar parcial. Cada uno de estos hallazgos podría, aunque no siempre, sugerir la presencia de cáncer.

El cáncer pulmonar de células pequeñas generalmente se ha diseminado a otras partes del cuerpo para el momento en que se diagnostica.

Los exámenes que se pueden llevar a cabo son, entre otros, los siguientes:

En algunos casos, es posible que el médico necesite extraer un pedazo de tejido de los pulmones para su análisis bajo el microscopio, lo cual se denomina biopsia. Existen varias formas de hacer esto:

Generalmente, si la biopsia revela la presencia de cáncer, se harán más estudios imagenológicos para determinar el estadio de éste. (Estadio significa qué tan grande está el tumor y qué tan lejos se ha diseminado.) El cáncer pulmonar de células pequeñas se clasifica ya sea como:

  • Limitado (el cáncer sólo está en el tórax y se puede tratar con radioterapia)
  • Extenso (el cáncer se ha diseminado por fuera del tórax)

La mayoría de los casos son extensos.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/26/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital.

Referencias

Johnson DH, Blot WJ, Carbone DP, et al. Cancer of the lung: Non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff’sClinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 76.

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