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Silicosis - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Silicosis crónica; Silicosis aguda; Silicosis acelerada; Fibrosis masiva y progresiva; Silicosis conglomerada; Silicoproteinosis

Tratamiento:

No existe un tratamiento específico para la silicosis, pero es importante retirar la fuente de exposición al sílice para evitar el empeoramiento de la enfermedad. El tratamiento complementario comprende antitusígenos, broncodilatadores y oxígeno, si es necesario. Se prescriben antibióticos para las infecciones respiratorias en la medida de lo necesario.

El tratamiento también comprende limitar la exposición a sustancias irritantes, dejar de fumar y hacerse pruebas cutáneas de rutina para tuberculosis.

Las personas con silicosis presentan un alto riesgo de desarrollar tuberculosis (TB), ya que se cree que el sílice interfiere con la respuesta inmunitaria del cuerpo a la bacteria que produce la TB. Las personas con silicosis deben practicarse pruebas cutáneas para verificar la exposición a TB y aquéllas que resulten con una prueba cutánea positiva deben recibir tratamiento con medicamentos antituberculosos. Cualquier cambio en el aspecto de una radiografía de tórax puede ser un signo de tuberculosis.

Los pacientes con silicosis grave pueden necesitar un trasplante de pulmón.

Grupos de apoyo:

El hecho de unirse a un grupo de apoyo donde la persona se puede reunir con otras personas que padecen silicosis o enfermedades conexas puede ayudar a comprender la enfermedad y adaptarse a sus tratamientos.

Pronóstico:

El desenlace clínico varía dependiendo de la magnitud del daño a los pulmones.

Posibles complicaciones:

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si está expuesto al sílice en su trabajo y presenta síntomas de la enfermedad.

  • Reviewed last on: 6/10/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Denis Hadjiliadis, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Cowie RL, Murray J, Becklake MR. Pneumoconioses and other mineral dust-related diseases. In: Mason RJ, Broaddus VC, Martin TR, et al, eds. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2010: chap 65.

Samet JM. Occupational pulmonary disorders. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 93.

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