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Edema pulmonar - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Congestión pulmonar; Congestión del pulmón; Agua en el pulmón

Tratamiento:

El edema pulmonar casi siempre se trata en una sala de urgencias o en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital (UCI).

  • El oxígeno se administra por medio de una mascarilla o de diminutos tubos plásticos (cánulas) colocados en la nariz.
  • Se puede poner un tubo de respiración en la tráquea.
  • Es posible que se necesite un respirador (ventilador).

Se debe identificar y tratar rápidamente la causa del edema. Por ejemplo, si un ataque cardíaco ha causado la afección, se debe tratar y estabilizar el corazón.

Los medicamentos que se pueden recetar abarcan:

  • Diuréticos, los cuales eliminan el exceso de líquido del cuerpo.
  • Medicamentos para fortalecer el miocardio, controlar el ritmo cardíaco o aliviar la presión sobre el corazón.

Pronóstico:

El pronóstico depende de la causa. La afección se puede resolver de manera rápida o lenta. Algunos pacientes posiblemente necesiten usar un respirador durante mucho tiempo. Sin tratamiento, esta afección puede ser mortal.

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Acuda a la sala de urgencias o llame al número local de emergencias (el 911 en los Estados Unidos) si tiene problemas para respirar.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/1/2011
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Denis Hadjiliadis, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Referencias

O'Brien JF, Falk JL. Heart failure. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 79.

Matthay MA, Martin TR. Pulmonary edema and acute lung injury. In: Mason RJ, Broaddus VC, Martin TR, et al. Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2010:chap 55.

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