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Insuficiencia cardíaca - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

ICC; Falla cardíaca; Insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva; Insuficiencia cardíaca derecha; Insuficiencia cardíaca izquierda; Cor pulmonale; Insuficiencia cardíaca y miocardiopatía

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de la insuficiencia cardíaca con frecuencia empiezan de manera lenta. Al principio, pueden sólo ocurrir cuando usted está muy activo. Con el tiempo, se pueden notar problemas respiratorios y otros síntomas incluso cuando usted está descansando.

Los síntomas de insuficiencia cardíaca también pueden empezar de manera repentina después de un ataque cardíaco u otro problema del corazón.

Los síntomas comunes son:

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico le hará un examen en busca de signos de insuficiencia cardíaca:

  • Respiración rápida o difícil
  • Ritmo cardíaco rápido o irregular y ruidos cardíacos anormales
  • Hinchazón (edema) de las piernas
  • Venas del cuello que sobresalen (distendidas)
  • Sonidos ("estertores") a raíz de la acumulación de líquido en los pulmones que se escuchan a través de un estetoscopio
  • Inflamación del hígado o el abdomen

Una ecocardiografía con frecuencia es el mejor examen para diagnosticar, conocer la causa y vigilar la frecuencia cardíaca. El médico la usará para guiar su tratamiento.

Otros exámenes imagenológicos son:

Se llevan a cabo exámenes de laboratorio para ayudarle al médico a:

  • Reviewed last on: 7/22/2011
  • Michael M. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Emanuel LL, Bonow RO. Care of patients with end-stage heart disease. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 34.

Mann DL. Management of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 28.

Jessup M, Abraham WT, Casey DE, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, et al. 2009 focused update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation. 2009 Apr 14;119(14):1977-2016. Epub 2009 Mar 26.

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