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Cardiopatía hipertensiva - Overview

Definición:

Se refiere a problemas cardíacos que ocurren debido a la hipertensión arterial. Estos problemas abarcan:

Ver también:

Causas:

La hipertensión arterial aumenta la presión en los vasos sanguíneos. A medida que el corazón bombea contra esta presión, tiene que trabajar más arduamente.

Con el tiempo, esto lleva a que el músculo cardíaco se engruese y el corazón tiene que hacer un mayor esfuerzo para bombear sangre hacia el cuerpo. Sin tratamiento, se pueden presentar síntomas de insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva.

La hipertensión arterial puede causar cardiopatía isquémica debido a que el miocardio más grueso necesita incremento en el suministro de oxígeno.

La hipertensión arterial también contribuye con el engrosamiento de las paredes de los vasos sanguíneos, lo cual , a su vez, puede empeorar la aterosclerosis (aumento en los depósitos de colesterol en los vasos sanguíneos). Esto también aumenta el riesgo de ataques cardíacos y accidente cerebrovascular.

La cardiopatía hipertensiva es la principal causa de enfermedad y muerte por hipertensión arterial.

Las complicaciones cardíacas que se desarrollan determinan los síntomas, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el pronóstico de cardiopatía hipertensiva.

Ver también:

  • Reviewed last on: 6/22/2010
  • Issam Mikati, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Director, Northwestern Clinic Echocardiography Lab, Northwest. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Victor RG, Kaplan NM. Systemic hypertension: mechanisms and diagnosis. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa; Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 40.

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