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Regurgitación tricuspídea - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Insuficiencia tricuspídea

Definición:

Es un trastorno en el cual la válvula tricúspide del corazón no cierra apropiadamente, haciendo que la sangre se devuelva (se filtre) hacia la cámara superior derecha del corazón (aurícula) cuando la cámara inferior derecha se contrae.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La válvula tricúspide separa la cámara inferior derecha (ventrículo derecho) de la cámara superior derecha del corazón (aurícula derecha).

La causa más común de regurgitación tricuspídea es la inflamación del ventrículo derecho, que puede ser una complicación de cualquier trastorno que cause insuficiencia ventricular derecha.

La regurgitación tricuspídea también puede empeorar o ser causada por una valvulopatía en el lado izquierdo del corazón, como una regurgitación y una estenosis mitral.

Otras enfermedades pueden afectar directamente la válvula tricúspide; la más común de ellas es la fiebre reumática, que es una complicación de infecciones de faringitis estreptocócica que no han recibido tratamiento.

La regurgitación tricuspídea se puede encontrar en aquellas personas con un tipo de cardiopatía congénita llamada anomalía de Ebstein.

Otras causas infrecuentes de regurgitación tricuspídea abarcan:

  • Tumores carcinoides, los cuales secretan una hormona que daña la válvula
  • Síndrome de Marfan
  • Lesión
  • Artritis reumatoidea
  • Radioterapia

Otro factor de riesgo importante para la regurgitación tricuspídea es el uso de los medicamentos para adelgazar llamados "Fen-Phen" (fentermina y fenfluramina) o dexfenfluramina.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/4/2010
  • Issam Mikati, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine. Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Karchmer AW. Infectious endocarditis. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:chap. 63.

Nishimura RA, Carabello BA, Faxon DP, et al. ACC/AHA 2008 Guideline update on valvular heart disease: focused update on infective endocarditis: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(8):676-685.

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