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Taquicardia supraventricular paroxística (TSVP) - Overview

Nombres alternativos

TSVP; Taquicardia supraventricular

Definición:

Es una frecuencia cardíaca rápida ocasional. "Paroxística" significa de vez en cuando.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Normalmente, las cámaras del corazón (aurículas y ventrículos) se contraen de manera coordinada. Las contracciones son causadas por una señal eléctrica que comienza en el área del corazón llamada nódulo sinoauricular (llamado también nódulo sinusal o nódulo SA). La señal viaja a través de las cámaras superiores (aurículas) del corazón y les ordena contraerse.

La taquicardia supraventricular paroxística (TSVP) comienza con eventos que tienen lugar por encima de las cámaras inferiores (ventrículos) del corazón. La TSVP se puede iniciar en el nódulo SA, en las cámaras superiores del corazón (aurículas), en las rutas de conducción de las aurículas u otras áreas.

La TSVP puede presentarse con toxicidad por digitálicos y afecciones como el síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White.

La afección ocurre con mayor frecuencia en bebés y personas jóvenes.

Los siguientes factores incrementan el riesgo para TSVP:

  • Reviewed last on: 5/4/2010
  • Issam Mikati, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine. Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Olgin JE, Zipes DP. Specific arrhythmias: diagnosis and treatment. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:chap 35.

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