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Shock cardiógeno - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Shock de tipo cardiógeno

Definición:

Es un estado en el cual el corazón ha quedado tan dañado que es incapaz de suministrarle suficiente sangre a los órganos del cuerpo.

Causas:

El shock ocurre en cualquier momento en que el corazón es incapaz de bombear la cantidad suficiente de sangre que el cuerpo necesita.

Las causas más comunes son complicaciones cardíacas serias, muchas de las cuales ocurren durante o después de un ataque cardíaco (infarto de miocardio). Estas complicaciones abarcan:

  • Una gran sección del músculo cardíaco que ya no se mueve bien o no se mueve en absoluto.
  • Ruptura del músculo cardíaco debido a daño por ataque cardíaco.
  • Ritmos cardíacos peligrosos, tales como taquicardia ventricular, fibrilación ventricular o taquicardia supraventricular.
  • Desgarro o ruptura de los músculos o tendones que sostienen las válvulas cardíacas, sobre todo la mitral.
  • Desgarro o ruptura de la pared (tabique) entre el ventrículo izquierdo y derecho (cámaras inferiores del corazón).
  • Ritmo cardíaco muy lento (bradicardia) o problemas con el sistema eléctrico del corazón (bloqueo cardíaco).
  • Reviewed last on: 5/23/2011
  • Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Gheorghiade M, Filippatos GS, Felker GM. Diagnosis and management of acute failure syndromes. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2011:chap 27.

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