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Miocardiopatía hipertrófica - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Estenosis subaórtica hipertrófica e idiopática; Hipertrofia del tabique asimétrico; Cardiomiopatía hipertrófica (CMH); HCM; IHSS; ASH; HOCM; Miocardiopatía obstructiva hipertrófica

Definición:

Es una afección en la cual se presenta engrosamiento del músculo cardíaco. El engrosamiento hace más difícil la salida de la sangre del corazón, forzándolo a trabajar más arduamente para bombear dicha sangre.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica a menudo es asimétrica, lo cual significa que una parte del corazón es más gruesa que las otras partes. Esta afección generalmente se transmite de padres a hijos (hereditaria) y se cree que es el resultado de algunos problemas (defectos) con los genes que controlan el crecimiento del músculo cardíaco.

Las personas más jóvenes tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar una forma más severa de miocardiopatía hipertrófica; sin embargo, esta afección se observa en personas de todas las edades.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/17/2010
  • Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Maron BJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds.Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:chap 65.

Wexler RK, Elton T, Pleister A, Feldman D. Cardiomyopathy: An overview. Am Fam Physician. 2009;79:778-784.

Bernstein D. Diseases of the myocardium. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 439.

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