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Tromboflebitis superficial - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Tromboflebitis de tipo superficial

Definición:

Es una inflamación venosa debido a un coágulo de sangre en una vena localizada justo debajo de la superficie de la piel.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La tromboflebitis superficial puede aparecer después de una lesión en la vena o del uso reciente de una vía intravenosa (IV) o un catéter. También se puede presentar sin ninguna razón aparente en personas en riesgo de sufrir esta afección.

Los riesgos para una tromboflebitis superficial abarcan los siguientes:

Irritación química del área
Trastornos que implican aumento de la coagulación de la sangre
Infección
Embarazo
Permanecer sentado o inmóvil por mucho tiempo
Uso de píldoras anticonceptivas
Venas varicosas

La tromboflebitis superficial también puede estar asociada con:

Cánceres abdominales (como el carcinoma del páncreas)
Trombosis venosa profunda
El factor V de Leiden
Mutación en el gen de la protrombina
Tromboangeítis obliterante

Otros trastornos poco comunes asociados con esta afección abarcan las deficiencias de antitrombina III (AT-III), proteína C y proteína S.

Tromboflebitis superficial

Reviewed last on: 4/30/2010
Linda Vorvick, MD, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Emile Riggs Mohler III, MD, Vascular Medicine, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Deitcher SR. Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Cancer-Related Venous Thrombosis. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 46.

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