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Angina inestable - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Angina acelerante; Angina de aparición reciente; Angina progresiva

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de la angina pueden abarcar:

  • Dolor torácico que también se puede sentir en el hombro, el brazo, la mandíbula, el cuello, la espalda u otra área.
  • Molestia que se siente como rigidez, opresión, compresión; aplastamiento, ardor, asfixia o molimiento.
  • Molestia que ocurre en reposo y no desaparece fácilmente con el uso de un medicamento.
  • Dificultad para respirar.
  • Sudoración.

Con la angina estable, el dolor torácico u otros síntomas sólo ocurren con cierta cantidad de actividad o estrés. El dolor no se vuelve más frecuente ni empeora con el tiempo.

La angina inestable es un dolor torácico súbito y que empeora con el tiempo. Usted puede estar desarrollando este tipo de angina si el dolor torácico:

  • Comienza a sentirse diferente, es más intenso, aparece con mayor frecuencia o se presenta con menos actividad o mientras usted está en reposo.
  • Dura más de 15 a 20 minutos.
  • Ocurre sin causa (por ejemplo, mientras usted está dormido).
  • No responde bien a un medicamento llamado nitroglicerina.
  • Ocurre junto con una caída en la presión arterial o dificultad respiratoria.

La angina inestable es un signo de advertencia de que el ataque cardíaco puede suceder pronto y necesita tratamiento de inmediato. Si usted tiene algún tipo de dolor torácico, acuda al médico.

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico llevará a cabo un examen físico y revisará la presión arterial. Puede escuchar ruidos anormales, como un soplo cardíaco o latidos cardíacos irregulares, al auscultar el tórax con un estetoscopio.

Los exámenes para la angina abarcan:

  • Reviewed last on: 5/23/2011
  • Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, Bridges CR, Califf RM, Casey DE Jr., et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-Elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:e1-e157.

Cannon CP, Braunwald E. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 56.

Montalescot G, Cayla G, Collet JP, Elhadad S, Beyqui F, Le Breton H, et al. Immediate vs. delayed intervention for acute coronary syndromes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2009;302:947-954.

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