A Member of the University of Maryland Medical System   |   In Partnership with the University of Maryland School of Medicine

Share

Email PageEmail Print PagePrint

Home > Medical Reference > Encyclopedia (English)

Toggle: English / Spanish

Ictericia - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Enfermedades relacionadas con ictericia; Coloración amarilla de la piel y los ojos; Piel amarilla; Ojos amarillos

Definición:

La ictericia es una coloración amarilla en la piel, las membranas mucosas o los ojos. El color amarillo proviene de la bilirrubina, un subproducto de los glóbulos rojos viejos. La ictericia puede ser un signo de otros problemas de salud.

Para obtener información sobre la ictericia en los bebés, ver: ictericia del recién nacido.

Causas:

Todos los días, un pequeño número de glóbulos rojos en su cuerpo muere y son reemplazados por nuevos glóbulos. El hígado elimina las células sanguíneas viejas, formando la bilirrubina. El hígado ayuda a descomponer la bilirrubina para que el cuerpo la pueda eliminar en las heces.

Cuando se acumula demasiada bilirrubina en el cuerpo, se puede presentar la ictericia.

La ictericia puede ocurrir si:

  • Hay demasiados glóbulos rojos que están muriendo o descomponiéndose y pasando al hígado.
  • El hígado está sobrecargado o presenta daño.
  • La bilirrubina del hígado es incapaz de movilizarse adecuadamente a través del tubo digestivo.

La ictericia con frecuencia es un signo de un problema con el hígado, la vesícula biliar o el páncreas. Las infecciones, el uso de ciertos fármacos, el cáncer, los trastornos sanguíneos, los cálculos biliares, las anomalías congénitas y muchas otras afecciones pueden llevar a que se presente ictericia. Para obtener más información sobre las causas de la ictericia, ver el artículo: causas de la ictericia.

  • Reviewed last on: 4/17/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Lidofsky SD. Jaundice. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2010:chap 20.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com
Adam QualityA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com
Connect with UMMC
Facebook Twitter YouTube Blog iPhone

Please rate the quality of this article.

Do you find this article to be helpful / informative?
              
Poor                                       Excellent

Do you have any brief comments on this page: (up to 255 characters)

© 2011 University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). All rights reserved.
UMMC is a member of the University of Maryland Medical System,
22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. TDD: 1-800-735-2258 or 1.866.408.6885