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Hepatitis medicamentosa - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Hepatitis tóxica

Definición:

Es la inflamación del hígado que puede ocurrir cuando se toman ciertos medicamentos.

Ver también:

Causas:

El hígado ayuda al cuerpo a descomponer ciertos fármacos. Sin embargo, el proceso es más lento en algunas personas, lo cual puede hacerlas más propensas a presentar daño hepático. Incluso pequeñas dosis de algunos fármacos pueden causar hepatitis, aun cuando el sistema de descomposición del hígado esté normal. Las dosis grandes pueden trastornar un hígado normal.

Muchos fármacos diferentes pueden producir hepatitis medicamentosa.

Los analgésicos y los antipiréticos que contienen paracetamol son una causa frecuente de inflamación del hígado. Estos medicamentos pueden causar daño hepático cuando se consumen en dosis no mucho mayores a la dosis terapéutica recomendada.

Los antinflamatorios no esteroides (AINES), como el ibuprofeno y el naproxeno, también pueden causar hepatitis medicamentosa.

Otros fármacos que pueden llevar a que se presente inflamación del hígado abarcan:

  • Amiodarona
  • Esteroides anabolizantes
  • Píldoras anticonceptivas
  • Clorpromazina
  • Eritromicina
  • Halotano
  • Metildopa
  • Isoniazida (empleada para tratar la tuberculosis)
  • Metotrexato
  • Estatinas
  • Reviewed last on: 11/23/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, CA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Hoofnagle JH. Acute viral hepatitis. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 151.

Teoh NC, Chittun S, Farrell GC. Drug-induced hepatitis. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2010:chap 86.

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