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Obstrucción de la vena hepática (Budd-Chiari) - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Síndrome de Budd-Chiari; enfermedad venooclusiva hepática

Definición:

Es un bloqueo de la vena hepática, la cual saca la sangre desde el hígado.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La obstrucción de la vena hepática impide que la sangre salga del hígado y regrese al corazón. Esta obstrucción puede causar daño hepático. La obstrucción de esta vena puede ser causada por un tumor o crecimiento que ejerce presión sobre el vaso o por un coágulo en el vaso (trombosis de la vena hepática).

Con mucha frecuencia, esto es causado por afecciones que incrementan la probabilidad de formación de coágulos sanguíneos, como:

  • Proliferación anormal de células en la médula ósea (trastornos mieloproliferativos)
  • Cánceres
  • Enfermedades autoinmunitarias o inflamatorias crónicas
  • Infecciones
  • Problemas hereditarios o adquiridos con la coagulación sanguínea
  • Anticonceptivos orales
  • Embarazo

La obstrucción de la vena hepática es la causa más común del síndrome de Budd-Chiari

  • Reviewed last on: 7/7/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Hauser SC. Vascular diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 146.

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