Gastroenteritis viral

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Gastroenteritis viral

Definición:

Es la inflamación del estómago y los intestinos causada por un virus. La infección puede llevar a que se presente diarrea y vómito y, algunas veces, se le denomina "gripe estomacal".

Nombres alternativos:

Virus de Norwalk; Infección por rotavirus; Gripe estomacal

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La gastroenteritis viral es una causa importante de diarrea grave tanto en adultos como en niños y muchos tipos de virus la pueden causar. Los más comunes son:

Estos virus se encuentran, con frecuencia, en el agua potable o en alimentos contaminados. Los síntomas de la gastroenteritis generalmente aparecen después de 4 a 48 horas de la exposición al agua o alimentos contaminados.

Las personas con el mayor riesgo de desarrollar gastroenteritis severa son, entre otros: los jóvenes, los ancianos y las personas inmunodeprimidas.

Referencias:

US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves New Vaccine to Prevent Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Infants , Rockville, MD: National Press Office; February 3, 2006. Press Release P06-16.

Dennehy PH. Acute diarrheal disease in children: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am . 2005; 19(3): 585-602.

Jabbar A. Gastroenteritis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Prim Care . 2003; 30(1): 63-80, vi.

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