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Diverticulitis - Overview

Definición:

Se trata de pequeñas bolsas o sacos del revestimiento interno de los intestinos (diverticulosis) que protruyen y resultan inflamados o infectados. Con mucha frecuencia, estas bolsas se encuentran en el intestino grueso (colon).

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Nadie sabe exactamente qué causa la formación de las bolsas o sacos de diverticulosis. Consumir una dieta baja en fibra es una de las causas más probables.

Las personas que comen principalmente alimentos procesados, como muchos estadounidenses, no obtienen la fibra suficiente en su dieta. Los alimentos procesados abarcan arroz blanco, pan blanco, la mayoría de los cereales para el desayuno, galletas y rosquillas.

Como resultado, es más probable que se presenten estreñimiento y heces duras, lo cual lleva a que la gente tenga que hacer esfuerzo con las deposiciones. Esto aumenta la presión en el colon o los intestinos y puede causar la formación de estas bolsas.

La diverticulosis es muy común; se encuentra en más de la mitad de los estadounidenses mayores de 60 años y sólo un pequeño porcentaje de estas personas desarrollará diverticulitis.

La diverticulitis es causada por pequeños pedazos de heces (materia fecal) que quedan atrapados en estas bolsas, ocasionando infección o inflamación.

  • Reviewed last on: 1/31/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; George F Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Fox JM, Stollman NH. Diverticular disease of the colon. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2010:chap 117.

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