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Colecistitis aguda - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Colecistitis de tipo agudo

Tratamiento:

Busque asistencia médica inmediata para el dolor abdominal intenso.

En la sala de emergencias, a los pacientes con colecistitis aguda se les suministran líquidos por vía intravenosa y antibióticos para combatir la infección.

Aunque la colecistitis se puede resolver por sí sola, se necesita la cirugía para extirpar la vesícula biliar (colecistectomía) cuando la inflamación continúa o reaparece. Esta operación se debe realizar lo más pronto posible, aunque algunos pacientes no necesitan cirugía inmediatamente.

El tratamiento no quirúrgico comprende analgésicos, antibióticos para combatir la infección y una dieta baja en grasa (cuando se puede tolerar la comida).

La cirugía de emergencia puede ser necesaria cuando se presenta gangrena (muerte del tejido), perforación, pancreatitis o inflamación del conducto colédoco.

Ocasionalmente, en pacientes muy enfermos, se puede colocar una sonda a través de la piel para drenar la vesícula hasta que el paciente mejore y pueda someterse a la cirugía.

Pronóstico:

Los pacientes a quienes se les practica una cirugía para extirpar la vesícula generalmente tienen un buen pronóstico.

Posibles complicaciones:

  • Empiema (pus en la vesícula biliar)
  • Gangrena (muerte del tejido) de la vesícula biliar
  • Lesión de las vías biliares que drenan el hígado (una complicación rara de una colecistectomía)
  • Pancreatitis
  • Peritonitis (inflamación del revestimiento del abdomen)

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si persiste el dolor abdominal intenso.

Solicite una cita médica si los síntomas de la colecistitis reaparecen después de un episodio agudo.

  • Reviewed last on: 7/6/2009
  • George F Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Siddiqui T. Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Am J Surg. 2008;195(1):40-47.

Chari RS, Shah SA. Biliary system. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 18th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2008:chap. 54.

Afdhal N. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap. 159.

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