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Acalasia - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Acalasia esofágica

Tratamiento:

El método de tratamiento es reducir la presión a nivel de esfínter esofágico inferior. La terapia puede abarcar:

  • Inyección con toxina botulínica (Botox). Esto puede ayudar a relajar los músculos del esfínter, pero cualquier beneficio desaparece en cuestión de semanas o meses.
  • Medicamentos, como los nitratos de acción prolongada o los bloqueadores de los canales de calcio, que se pueden emplear para bajar la presión en el esfínter esofágico inferior.
  • Cirugía, llamada esofagomiotomía, que se puede necesitar para disminuir la presión en el esfínter inferior.
  • Ensanchamiento (dilatación) del esófago en el lugar del estrechamiento (realizado durante una esofagogastroduodenoscopia).

El médico puede ayudarle a decidir sobre cuál es el mejor tratamiento en su caso.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

Los pronósticos de la cirugía y de los tratamientos no quirúrgicos son similares. Algunas veces, se necesita más de un tratamiento.

Complicaciones:

  • Reflujo (regurgitación) de ácido o alimento del estómago hacia el esófago
  • Broncoaspiración de los alimentos, lo cual puede causar neumonía
  • Ruptura (perforación) del esófago

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si:

  • Tiene dificultad o dolor para deglutir
  • Sus síntomas continúan a pesar del tratamiento para la acalasia
  • Reviewed last on: 1/20/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Orlando RC. Diseases of the esophagus. In: Goldman L, Ausiello DA, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 140.

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