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Cálculos biliares - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Colelitiasis; Ataque de la vesícula biliar; Cólico biliar; Ataque de cálculos; Cálculo biliar; Cálculos biliares

Síntomas:

Muchas personas con cálculos biliares nunca han tenido ningún síntoma. Los cálculos biliares con frecuencia se descubren cuando se toman radiografías de rutina, en una cirugía abdominal u otro procedimiento médico.

Sin embargo, si un cálculo grande bloquea el conducto cístico o el conducto colédoco (llamado coledocolitiasis), se puede presentar un dolor de tipo cólico desde la mitad hasta la parte superior derecha del abdomen, lo cual se conoce como cólico biliar. El dolor desaparece si el cálculo pasa hacia la primera parte del intestino delgado (el duodeno).

Los síntomas que se pueden presentar abarcan:

  • Dolor en la parte superior derecha o media del abdomen que:
    • desaparece o retorna
    • puede ser agudo, tipo calambre o sordo
    • puede irradiarse a la espalda o debajo del omóplato derecho
    • se presenta pocos minutos después de una comida
  • Fiebre
  • Coloración amarillenta de la piel y de la esclerótica de los ojos (ictericia)

Los síntomas adicionales que pueden estar asociados con esta enfermedad comprenden:

  • Llenura abdominal
  • Heces color arcilla
  • Náuseas y vómitos

Es importante acudir a un médico si usted tiene síntomas de cálculos biliares. Estos cálculos se encuentran en muchas personas con cáncer de la vesícula.

Pruebas y exámenes:

Los exámenes para detectar la presencia de cálculos biliares o inflamación de la vesícula biliar abarcan:

El médico puede ordenar los siguientes exámenes de sangre:

  • Reviewed last on: 7/6/2009
  • George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Siddiqui T. Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Am J Surg. 2008;195(1):40-47.

Chari RS, Shah SA. Biliary system. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 18th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:chap. 54.

Afdhal N. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap. 159.

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