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Cáncer esofágico - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Cáncer del esófago

Definición:

Es un tumor canceroso (maligno) del esófago, el tubo muscular que transporta el alimento desde la boca hasta el estómago.

Ver también: síndrome de Barret

Causas:

El cáncer esofágico no es muy común en los Estados Unidos y se presenta con mayor frecuencia en hombres mayores de 50 años.

Existen dos tipos principales de este cáncer: carcinoma escamocelular y adenocarcinoma. Estos dos tipos lucen diferentes el uno del otro bajo el microscopio.

El cáncer esofágico escamocelular está asociado con el tabaquismo y el consumo de alcohol.

El síndrome de Barrett, una complicación de la enfermedad del reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE), aumenta el riesgo de desarrollo de adenocarcinoma del esófago. Éste es el tipo más común de cáncer esofágico. Otros factores de riesgo que predisponen a padecer adenocarcinoma del esófago son, entre otros:

  • Sexo masculino.
  • Obesidad.
  • Tabaquismo.
  • Reviewed last on: 1/31/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Das A. Tumors of the esophagus. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2010:chap 46.

National Cancer Institute. Esophageal Cancer Treatment PDQ. Updated July 20, 2010.

National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Esophageal Cancer. V2. 2010. Accessed January 22, 2011.

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