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Enterocolitis por salmonela - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Salmonelosis

Definición:

Es una infección en el revestimiento del intestino delgado causada por la bacteria salmonela.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La enterocolitis por salmonela es uno de los tipos más comunes de intoxicación alimentaria y ocurre cuando usted consume alimentos o agua contaminados con la bacteria salmonela. Cualquier alimento se puede contaminar durante la preparación si las condiciones y el equipo empleado en el proceso no son higiénicos.

Usted tiene mayor probabilidad de adquirir este tipo de infección si:

  • Ha consumido alimentos inadecuadamente almacenados o preparados (especialmente pavo, pollo y huevos mal cocidos, y la falta de refrigeración del relleno del pavo)
  • Tiene miembros de la familia con infección reciente por salmonela
  • Ha tenido una enfermedad familiar reciente con gastroenteritis
  • Ha estado internado en una institución
  • Ha comido pollo recientemente
  • Tiene como mascota una iguana, otros lagartos, tortugas o serpientes (los reptiles son portadores de salmonela)
  • Tiene un sistema inmunitario debilitado

Aproximadamente 40,000 personas sufren infección por salmonela en los Estados Unidos cada año y la mayoría de los pacientes son menores de 20 años. La tasa más alta ocurre desde julio hasta octubre.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/25/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Pegues DA, Miller SI. Salmonella Species, including Salmonella Typhi. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 223.

Giannella RA. Infectious enteritis and proctocolitis and bacterial food poisoning. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2006: chap 104.

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