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Síndrome diabético hiperosmolar hiperglucémico - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Coma hiperosmolar hiperglucémico no cetónico; NKKKC; HONK: coma hiperosmolar no cetónico

Tratamiento:

El objetivo del tratamiento es corregir la deshidratación, lo cual mejorará la presión arterial, la diuresis y la circulación.

Los líquidos y el potasio se administran por vía intravenosa y los altos niveles de glucosa se tratan con insulina intravenosa.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

La tasa de mortalidad con esta afección es hasta del 40%.

Complicaciones:

  • Colapso circulatorio agudo (shock)
  • Formación de coágulos
  • Hinchazón del cerebro (edema cerebral)
  • Aumento de los niveles de ácido en la sangre (acidosis láctica)

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Este padecimiento es una emergencia médica. Acuda a la sala de urgencias o llame al número local de emergencias (el 911 en Estados Unidos) si presenta síntomas de un coma diabético hiperosmolar hiperglucémico.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/10/2010
  • Ari S. Eckman, MD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Murphy MB, Kreisberg RA. Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2739-2748.

Cydulka RK, Maloney Jr. GE. Diabetes mellitus and disorders of glucose homeostasis. In: Marx J, Hockberger R, Walls R, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2009.

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