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Hipertiroidismo provocado - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Tirotoxicosis provocada; Tirotoxicosis simulada; Tirotoxicosis medicamentosa

Definición:

Corresponde a niveles de la hormona tiroidea más altos de lo normal que se presentan por tomar demasiados medicamentos que contengan dicha hormona.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La glándula tiroides produce las hormonas tiroxina (T4) y triyodotironina (T3). En la mayoría de los casos de hipertiroidismo, la glándula tiroides en sí produce demasiada cantidad de estas hormonas.

Sin embargo, el hipertiroidismo también puede ser causado por tomar demasiados medicamentos que contengan hormona tiroidea para tratar el hipotiroidismo. Esto se denomina hipertiroidismo provocado. Cuando esto ocurre debido a que la dosis prescrita del medicamento hormonal es demasiado alta, se llama hipertiroidismo yatrógeno o "inducido por el médico".

El hipertiroidismo provocado también puede ocurrir cuando un paciente toma intencionalmente demasiada hormona tiroidea, como en personas que:

  • Padecen trastornos psiquiátricos, como el síndrome de Munchausen
  • Están tratando de bajar de peso
  • Desean obtener una indemnización de la compañía de seguros

Los niños pueden tomar accidentalmente pastillas de hormona tiroidea.

En casos raros, el hipertiroidismo provocado es causado por comer carne contaminada con tejido de glándula tiroides.

  • Reviewed last on: 4/19/2010
  • Ari S. Eckman, MD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
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